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Diurnal flowering time (FT) of rice is an important trait that affects the outcrossing rate and seed production yield of japonica rice sterile lines. This study aims to locate QTLs related to diurnal-floret-opening-time (DFOT) in japonica rice and analyze the pyramiding effects to clarify the main effect loci for DFOT traits.
Recombinant inbred line populations consisting of 221 lines were constructed using japonica maintainer line J65B with early floret-opening-time and J139B with late floret-opening-time. The floret-opening-time was investigated in three years. QTL mapping analysis was conducted using genetic mapping and BSA-seq methods.
A total of 30 DFOT QTLs were detected using complete interval mapping (ICIM) method on chromosomes 2−12. qFT5.2, qFT5.3, qFT5.5, qFT10.2, and qFT10.3 were major and stable QTLs which were detected simultaneously in more than eight environments, with an additive effect range of 13.04−50.93. Based on floret-opening time, extreme individuals were pooled for BSA-seq analysis. Association intervals related to floret-opening-time were detected in the regions of qFT5.3, qFT5.5, qFT6.2, and qFT10.2. According to the genotyping results, different progenies were divided into J139B type and J65B type in each QTL interval. QTL pyramiding effect analysis showed that QTLs derived from J65B would advance diurnal-floret-opening-time. The loci of qFT5.3 and qFT6.2 were essential for achieving early diurnal-floret-opening-time. The loci of qFT5.5 and qFT10.2 could further advance the diurnal-floret-opening-time.
Genetic mapping and BSA-seq analysis successfully identified four major stable QTLs related to rice diurnal-floret-opening-time. The localization of qFT5.3, qFT5.5, qFT6.2, and qFT10.2 establishes a foundation for further fine mapping and gene cloning and genetic improvement of diurnal-floret-opening-time in japonica rice.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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