Article(id=1292135403348324840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, issueId=1292135402790482407, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13699/j.cnki.1001-6821.2026.11.002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1768924800000, receivedDateStr=2026-01-21, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1785998686873, onlineDateStr=2026-08-06, pubDate=1781625600000, pubDateStr=2026-06-17, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1785998686873, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-08-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1785998686873, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1785998686873, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1292135402790482407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, year='2026', volume='42', issue='11', pageStart='1501', pageEnd='1650', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1781625600000', pubDateStr='2026-06-17', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1785998686739, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1786014315540, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1292200954833686587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, issueId=1292135402790482407, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1292200954833686588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, issueId=1292135402790482407, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1506, endPage=1512, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1292135403562234345, articleId=1292135403348324840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, language=EN, title=Clinical trial of intranasal inhalation of dexmedetomidine combined with lidocaine for general anesthesia in pediatric adenoidectomy, columnId=1246531407326105792, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, columnName=Clinical and Basic Bridging Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To investigate the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray combined with lidocaine aerosol on anesthesia induction compliance, hemodynamics, stress response, and postoperative outcomes in children undergoing general anesthesia for adenoidectomy.
Methods The pediatric patients who underwent adenoidectomy were divided into control group and treatment group based on their preoperative anesthesia protocol. Pediatric patients in the control group received intranasal dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray 2 μg·kg-1 30 minutes before surgery. The control group received intranasal dexmedetomidine, while the treatment group received intranasal dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray 2 μg·kg-1 combined with lidocaine aerosol 2 mg·kg-1 30 minutes before surgery. A comparison was made between the two groups regarding preoperative anxiety, induction compliance, hemodynamic parameters, stress response markers, emergence agitation and pain, anesthesia recovery indices, and length of hospital stay, along with the incidence of adverse reactions.
Results A total of 82 pediatric patients were enrolled, with 39 cases in control group and 43 cases in treatment group. At anesthesia induction, the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS) scores in the control and treatment groups were (26.56±5.13) and (23.14±4.91) points, respectively; the induction compliance checklist (ICC) scores were (0.81±0.26) and (0.69±0.12) points, respectively; the anesthesia induction time were (5.16±1.28) and (4.48±1.01) min, respectively. At T1, the heart rates (HR) in the control and experimental groups were (94.37±8.63) and (90.15±8.82) beats·min-1, respectively, and the mean arterial pressures (MAP) were (72.63±5.81) and (69.58±5.75) mmHg, respectively; at T2, the HR values were (101.26±10.76) and (95.87±10.35) time·min-1, respectively, and the MAP values were (78.94±7.44) and (74.23±6.72) mmHg, respectively; at T4, the HR values were (98.58±10.08) and (94.13±9.14) beats·min-1, respectively, and the MAP values were (77.85±7.24) and (73.92±6.98) mmHg, respectively. Postoperative day 1, the serum cortisol (Cor) levels in the control and experimental groups were (331.67±48.47) and (309.42±45.87) ng·mL-1, respectively; serotonin (5-HT) levels were (1.54±0.33) and (1.37±0.29) μmol·L-1, respectively; norepinephrine (NE) levels were (195.73±20.35) and (184.67±21.42) ng·L-1, respectively; glutamate (Glu) levels were (5.62±0.87) and (5.15±0.82) mmol·L-1, respectively. At 30 minutes after extubation, the pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium scale (PAED) scores in the control and treatment groups were (4.06±1.37) and (3.28±1.13) points, respectively; the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability Scale (FLACC) scores were (3.24±0.85) and (2.79±0.74) points, respectively; and the incidence of emergence agitation was 20.51% (8 cases/39 cases) and 4.65% (2 cases/43 cases), respectively. The comparisons of the above indicators showed statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The adverse drug reactions in the control group and the experimental group mainly included cough, nausea and vomiting, laryngospasm, and bradycardia and the total incidence of adverse events was 12.82% (5 cases/39 cases) and 9.30% (4 cases/43 cases), respectively (P>0.05).
Conclusion The intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride nasal spray combined with lidocaine aerosol for general anesthesia in pediatric adenoidectomy effectively alleviates preoperative anxiety, improves cooperation during induction, maintains hemodynamic stability, reduces surgical stress response, and decreases the incidence of emergence agitation and postoperative pain, with a good safety profile, demonstrating significant clinical promotion value.
, authors=Quan LIN, Ke LIU, Da-long WANG, Shuai WANG, authorsList=Quan LIN, Ke LIU, Da-long WANG, Shuai WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shuai WANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1292135403843252714, articleId=1292135403348324840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, language=CN, title=右美托咪定联合利多卡因经鼻吸入用于小儿腺样体切除全麻手术的临床研究, columnId=1246531407485489349, journalTitle=中国临床药理学杂志, columnName=临床与基础桥接研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 探讨盐酸右美托咪定鼻喷雾剂联合利多卡因气雾剂经鼻吸入用于小儿腺样体切除全麻手术的麻醉效果和安全性。
方法 将行腺样体切除术患儿，根据术前麻醉方案分为对照组和试验组。对照组患儿术前30 min经鼻吸入盐酸右美托咪定鼻喷雾剂2 μg·kg-1。试验组患儿术前30 min经鼻吸入盐酸右美托咪定鼻喷雾剂2 μg·kg-1和利多卡因气雾剂2 mg·kg-1。比较2组患儿术前焦虑与诱导依从性、血流动力学参数、应激反应指标、躁动与疼痛状况、麻醉复苏指标及住院时间，并比较2组不良反应发生情况。
结果 共入组82例，对照组39例，试验组43例。对照组和试验组麻醉诱导时的改良耶鲁术前焦虑量表（m-YPAS）评分分别为（26.56±5.13）和（23.14±4.91）分，诱导期依从性量表（ICC）评分分别为（0.81±0.26）和（0.69±0.12）分，麻醉诱导时间分别为（5.16±1.28）和（4.48±1.01）min；T1时，对照组和试验组的心率（HR）分别为（94.37±8.63）和（90.15±8.82）beats·min-1，平均动脉压（MAP）分别为（72.63±5.81）和（69.58±5.75）mmHg；T2时，HR分别为（101.26±10.76）和（95.87±10.35）beats·min-1，MAP分别为（78.94±7.44）和（74.23±6.72）mmHg；T4时，HR分别为（98.58±10.08）和（94.13±9.14）beats·min-1，MAP分别为（77.85±7.24）和（73.92±6.98）mmHg；术后1 d，血清皮质醇（Cor）水平分别为（331.67±48.47）和（309.42±45.87）ng·mL-1，5-羟色胺（5-HT）水平分别为（1.54±0.33）和（1.37±0.29）μmol·L-1，去甲肾上腺素（NE）水平分别为（195.73±20.35）和（184.67±21.42）ng·L-1，谷氨酸（Glu）水平分别为（5.62±0.87）和（5.15±0.82）mmol·L-1；拔管后30 min，小儿麻醉苏醒期躁动量表（PAED）评分分别为（4.06±1.37）和（3.28±1.13）分，FLACC疼痛量表（FLACC）评分分别为（3.24±0.85）和（2.79±0.74）分，躁动发生率分别为20.51%（8例/39例）和4.65%（2例/43例）。上述指标，2组间比较，在统计学上差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。对照组和试验组的药物不良反应主要包括呛咳、恶心呕吐、喉痉挛和心动过缓，总不良事件发生率分别为12.82%（5例/39例）和9.30%（4例/43例）（P>0.05）。
结论 盐酸右美托咪定鼻喷雾剂联合利多卡因气雾剂经鼻吸入可有效改善小儿腺样体切除全麻手术的围术期质量。该方案不仅能有效缓解术前焦虑、提高诱导合作度、维持血流动力学稳定、减轻手术应激反应，还能减少术后苏醒期躁动与疼痛，整体安全性良好，展现出良好的临床应用前景。
, authors=林泉, 刘克, 王大龙, 王帅, authorsList=林泉, 刘克, 王大龙, 王帅, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王帅, authorNote=
林泉（1981-），男，副主任医师，主要从事临床麻醉、疼痛管理的工作和研究
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