Article(id=1246531410056602225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, issueId=1246531406415941821, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13699/j.cnki.1001-6821.2025.16.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1745510400000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1775125847591, onlineDateStr=2026-04-02, pubDate=1756310400000, pubDateStr=2025-08-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1775125847591, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-02, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1775125847591, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1775125847591, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1246531406415941821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, year='2025', volume='41', issue='16', pageStart='2251', pageEnd='2400', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1775125846723, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1775125956861, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1246531868481446285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, issueId=1246531406415941821, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1246531868481446286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, issueId=1246531406415941821, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2311, endPage=2316, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1246531411071623800, articleId=1246531410056602225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, language=EN, title=Study on effects and mechanisms of gastrodin on myocardial injury by diabetes in mice, columnId=1246531407326105792, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, columnName=Clinical and Basic Bridging Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the effects of gastrodin (GAS) on diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy (DCM) and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods

Fifty C57BL/6J mice were divided into control group (n=10, normal diet) and high-fat high-sucrose (HFD) group [n=40, HFD diet combined with intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) injection to establish the DCM model]. Successfully modeled HFD mice were randomly assigned to the model group, GAS low-dose group (50 mg·kg-1, qd), GAS high-dose group (100 mg·kg-1 qd), and positive control metformin group (250 mg·kg-1qd). The control and model groups were administered saline via gavage, while the other three groups received their respective drugs via gavage for three consecutive months. Cardiac ultrasound was used to measure left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), and left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole (LVIDs). Serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were quantified using assay kits. Cardiac tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were measured. Protein expression was analyzed via Western blotting.

Results

The LVEF of the model group and high-dose group were (62.54±3.24)% and (80.20±3.29)%, respectively, and the LVFS were (25.87±4.75)% and (42.97±4.75)%, respectively LVESVs were (55.00±4.08) and (23.75±4.79) μL, LVIDs were (2.63±0.16) and (1.67±0.21) mm, TG was (1.17±0.18) and (0.51±0.09) mmol·L-1, TC was (5.58±0.76) and (1.93±0.58) mmol·L-1, HDL-C was (1.69±0.50) and (4.86±0.48) mmol·L-1, LDL-C was (3.84±0.70) and (1.17±0.65) mmol·L-1, respectively. The MDA content was (6.10±0.38) and (3.02±0.16) nmol· mgprot-1, the GSH content was (20.90±10.30) and (39.49±15.70) μmol·gprot-1, the relative expression levels of oxidative stress protein Kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1) were 1.75±0.22 and 1.07±0.03, the relative expression levels of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were 0.51±0.09 and 0.96±0.13, and the relative expression levels of peroxidase-1 (PRDX-1) were 0.43±0.08 and 0.93±0.18, respectively, and the relative expression levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were 0.42±0.08 and 0.94±0.14, respectively. Compared with the model group, the above indicators in the high-dose group showed statistically significant differences (P<0.01,P<001).

Conclusion

GAS can improve the myocardial function of DCM mice, and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress and the regulation of the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

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目的

探究天麻素(GAS)对糖尿病诱发的心肌病(DCM)的影响及其作用机制。

方法

将50只C57BL/6J小鼠分为对照组(n=10,正常饲料)和高脂高糖(HFD)组[n=40,HFD饲料喂养联合链脲佐菌素(STZ)腹腔注射构建DCM模型],造模成功的HFD小鼠随机分为模型组、GAS低剂量组(50 mg·kg-1qd)、GAS高剂量组(100 mg·kg-1qd)及阳性对照二甲双胍组(250 mg·kg-1qd),对照组和模型组灌胃生理盐水,另3组分别灌胃相应药物,连续灌胃3月。用心脏超声检测仪采集左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)及左心室收缩末期内径(LVIDs),用试剂盒检测各组小鼠血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)及高、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C、LDL-C)含量,心脏组织检测丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平,用蛋白质印迹法检测蛋白表达。

结果

模型组和高剂量组的LVEF分别为(62.54±3.24)%和(80.20±3.29)%,LVFS分别为(25.87±4.75)%和(42.97±4.75)%,LVESV分别为(52.50±2.89)和(23.75±4.79) μL,LVIDs分别为(2.63±0.16) 和(1.67±0.21) mm;TG分别为(1.17±0.18)和(0.51±0.09) mmol·L-1,TC分别为(5.58±0.76)和(1.93±0.58) mmol·L-1,HDL-C分别为(1.69±0.50) 和(4.86±0.48) mmol·L-1,LDL-C分别为(3.84±0.70)和(1.17±0.65) mmol·L-1,MDA含量分别为(6.10±0.38) 和(3.02±0.16) nmol·mgprot-1,GSH含量分别为(20.90±10.30)和(39.49±15.70) μmol·gprot-1,氧化应激蛋白Kelch样ECH关联蛋白1(Keap1)相对表达水平分别为1.75±0.22和1.07± 0.03,核因子-E2相关因子2(Nrf2)相对表达水平分别为0.51±0.09和0.96±0.13,过氧化物酶-1(PRDX-1)相对表达水平分别为0.43±0.08和0.93± 0.18,血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)相对表达水平分别为0.42±0.08和0.94±0.14,高剂量组的上述指标与模型组比较,在统计学上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<001)。

结论

GAS能改善DCM小鼠心肌功能,其作用机制可能与抑制氧化应激,调节Keap1/Nrf2信号通路有关。

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沈祥春,教授,博士生导师 MP: 13511919069 E-mail:
张敏,副教授,硕士生导师 MP: 13985023595 E-mail:
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王银银(1984-),女,讲师,主要从事中药抗心血管疾病研究

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language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Myocardial tissue hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining in different groups of mice (×160), figureFileSmall=FVp78YHWvfmkY34Be7S5Xg==, figureFileBig=ivbesCg8/x1QdmnCku0vXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1246531420466864242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, articleId=1246531410056602225, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同组别小鼠心肌组织苏木精-伊红(HE)染色和Masson染色(×160)

Dose and n refer to table 1.

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Comparative analysis of cardiac function indexes in different groups of mice ()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupDose(mg·kg-1)nLVEF(%)LVFS(%)LVESV(μL)LVIDs(mm)
Control-1081.05±3.6846.84±5.4118.75±2.501.63±0.31
Model-1062.54±3.24***25.87±4.75***52.50±2.89***2.63±0.16***
Low-dose.GAS501075.24±3.68##37.36±6.49#31.25±7.50###2.09±0.34#
High-dose.GAS1001080.20±3.29###42.97±4.75##23.75±4.79###1.67±0.21###
Met2501080.28±3.70###45.34±6.16##21.25±6.29###1.64±0.25###
), ArticleFig(id=1246531420957597851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, articleId=1246531410056602225, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同组别小鼠心脏功能指标的比较()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupDose(mg·kg-1)nLVEF(%)LVFS(%)LVESV(μL)LVIDs(mm)
Control-1081.05±3.6846.84±5.4118.75±2.501.63±0.31
Model-1062.54±3.24***25.87±4.75***52.50±2.89***2.63±0.16***
Low-dose.GAS501075.24±3.68##37.36±6.49#31.25±7.50###2.09±0.34#
High-dose.GAS1001080.20±3.29###42.97±4.75##23.75±4.79###1.67±0.21###
Met2501080.28±3.70###45.34±6.16##21.25±6.29###1.64±0.25###
), ArticleFig(id=1246531421058261155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, articleId=1246531410056602225, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparative analysis of myocardial enzymes in different groups of mice ()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupCK-MB(ng·mL-1)LDH(U·L-1)
Control280.85±126.48234.07±5.93
Model1447.54± 368.09***727.90±65.27***
Low-dose.GAS761.15±71.97###389.14±7.46###
High-dose.GAS313.53±141.30###277.53±35.60###
Met402.06±47.56###259.26±18.20###
), ArticleFig(id=1246531421188284588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, articleId=1246531410056602225, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同组别小鼠心肌酶的对比分析()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupCK-MB(ng·mL-1)LDH(U·L-1)
Control280.85±126.48234.07±5.93
Model1447.54± 368.09***727.90±65.27***
Low-dose.GAS761.15±71.97###389.14±7.46###
High-dose.GAS313.53±141.30###277.53±35.60###
Met402.06±47.56###259.26±18.20###
), ArticleFig(id=1246531421305725111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, articleId=1246531410056602225, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Comparison of serum lipid and inflammatory factor levels in mice of different groups()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupTG(mmol·L-1)TC(mmol·L-1)LDL-C(mmol·L-1)HDL-C(mmol·L-1)IL-1β(pg·mL-1)IL-6(pg·mL-1)
Control0.46±0.121.91±0.330.96±0.514.67±0.732.92±0.8527.04±10.61
Model1.17±0.18**5.58±0.76***3.84±0.70***1.69±0.50***11.29±0.72***67.25±14.16***
Low-dose.GAS0.79±4.10##3.09±0.21###2.43±0.22#3.91±0.82###5.79±1.34###46.81±5.65#
High-dose.GAS0.51±0.09###1.93±0.58###1.17±0.65###4.86±0.48###3.74±0.91###31.66±12.59###
Met0.57±0.07###2.51±0.65###1.30±0.44###4.62±0.76###3.85±0.91###33.30±5.11##
), ArticleFig(id=1246531421397999806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, articleId=1246531410056602225, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同组别小鼠血清血脂及炎症因子含量的比较()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupTG(mmol·L-1)TC(mmol·L-1)LDL-C(mmol·L-1)HDL-C(mmol·L-1)IL-1β(pg·mL-1)IL-6(pg·mL-1)
Control0.46±0.121.91±0.330.96±0.514.67±0.732.92±0.8527.04±10.61
Model1.17±0.18**5.58±0.76***3.84±0.70***1.69±0.50***11.29±0.72***67.25±14.16***
Low-dose.GAS0.79±4.10##3.09±0.21###2.43±0.22#3.91±0.82###5.79±1.34###46.81±5.65#
High-dose.GAS0.51±0.09###1.93±0.58###1.17±0.65###4.86±0.48###3.74±0.91###31.66±12.59###
Met0.57±0.07###2.51±0.65###1.30±0.44###4.62±0.76###3.85±0.91###33.30±5.11##
), ArticleFig(id=1246531421481885896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, articleId=1246531410056602225, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comparison of the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione(GSH) in myocardial tissue of different groups of mice ()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupMDA
(nmol·mgprot-1)
GSH
(μmol·gprot-1)
Control3.10±0.4044.89±6.89
Model6.10±0.38***20.90±10.30**
Low-dose.GAS3.96±0.56###34.08±11.19#
High-dose.GAS3.02±0.16###39.49±15.70##
Met2.95±0.44###44.56±10.04##
), ArticleFig(id=1246531421611909328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, articleId=1246531410056602225, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同组别小鼠心肌组织中丙二醛(MDA)及谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量比较()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupMDA
(nmol·mgprot-1)
GSH
(μmol·gprot-1)
Control3.10±0.4044.89±6.89
Model6.10±0.38***20.90±10.30**
Low-dose.GAS3.96±0.56###34.08±11.19#
High-dose.GAS3.02±0.16###39.49±15.70##
Met2.95±0.44###44.56±10.04##
), ArticleFig(id=1246531421725155539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, articleId=1246531410056602225, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Expression of Keap1, Nrf2, PRDX-1 and HO-1 proteins in myocardial tissue of different groups of mice ()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupKeap1Nrf2PRDX-1HO-1
Control1.00±0.131.00±0.201.00±0.251.00±0.11
Model1.75±0.22**0.51±0.09**0.43±0.08**0.42±0.08***
Low-dose.GAS1.23±0.14#0.77±0.08##0.79±0.26#0.76±0.05#
High-dose.GAS1.07±0.03##0.96±0.13##0.93±0.18##0.94±0.14##
Met1.04±0.06##0.94±0.11##0.92±0.18##0.94±0.13##
), ArticleFig(id=1246531421825818845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1246415772164075586, articleId=1246531410056602225, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同组别小鼠心肌组织Keap1、Nrf2、PRDX-1及HO-1蛋白的表达情况()

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
GroupKeap1Nrf2PRDX-1HO-1
Control1.00±0.131.00±0.201.00±0.251.00±0.11
Model1.75±0.22**0.51±0.09**0.43±0.08**0.42±0.08***
Low-dose.GAS1.23±0.14#0.77±0.08##0.79±0.26#0.76±0.05#
High-dose.GAS1.07±0.03##0.96±0.13##0.93±0.18##0.94±0.14##
Met1.04±0.06##0.94±0.11##0.92±0.18##0.94±0.13##
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天麻素改善糖尿病诱发的小鼠心肌病的作用和机制研究
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王银银 1, 2 , 陈婷婷 3 , 王雪婷 1 , 陶玲 1 , 沈祥春 1 , 张敏 4
中国临床药理学杂志 | 临床与基础桥接研究 2025,41(16): 2311-2316
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中国临床药理学杂志 | 临床与基础桥接研究 2025, 41(16): 2311-2316
天麻素改善糖尿病诱发的小鼠心肌病的作用和机制研究
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王银银1, 2, 陈婷婷3, 王雪婷1, 陶玲1, 沈祥春1 , 张敏4
作者信息
  • 1.贵州医科大学 药学院/天然药物资源最佳利用重点实验室/药用植物功能与应用国家重点实验室 贵州 贵安 561113
  • 2.贵州医科大学神奇民族医药学院 基础医学部,贵州 贵阳 550004
  • 3.贵阳市妇幼保健院 药学部,贵州 贵阳 550002
  • 4.贵州医科大学 基础医学院 生理学系,贵州 贵安 561113
  • 王银银(1984-),女,讲师,主要从事中药抗心血管疾病研究

通讯作者:

沈祥春,教授,博士生导师 MP: 13511919069 E-mail:
张敏,副教授,硕士生导师 MP: 13985023595 E-mail:
Study on effects and mechanisms of gastrodin on myocardial injury by diabetes in mice
Yin-yin WANG1, 2, Ting-ting CHEN3, Xue-ting WANG1, Ling TAO1, Xiang-chun SHEN1 , Min ZHANG4
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Pharmacy & Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources & The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants,Guizhou Medical University,Guian 561113, Guizhou Province, China
  • 2.Department of Basic Medicine, ShenQi Ethnic Medicine College of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • 3.Department of Pharmacy, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
  • 4.Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guian 561113, Guizhou Province, China
出版时间: 2025-08-28 doi: 10.13699/j.cnki.1001-6821.2025.16.011
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目的

探究天麻素(GAS)对糖尿病诱发的心肌病(DCM)的影响及其作用机制。

方法

将50只C57BL/6J小鼠分为对照组(n=10,正常饲料)和高脂高糖(HFD)组[n=40,HFD饲料喂养联合链脲佐菌素(STZ)腹腔注射构建DCM模型],造模成功的HFD小鼠随机分为模型组、GAS低剂量组(50 mg·kg-1qd)、GAS高剂量组(100 mg·kg-1qd)及阳性对照二甲双胍组(250 mg·kg-1qd),对照组和模型组灌胃生理盐水,另3组分别灌胃相应药物,连续灌胃3月。用心脏超声检测仪采集左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)及左心室收缩末期内径(LVIDs),用试剂盒检测各组小鼠血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)及高、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C、LDL-C)含量,心脏组织检测丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平,用蛋白质印迹法检测蛋白表达。

结果

模型组和高剂量组的LVEF分别为(62.54±3.24)%和(80.20±3.29)%,LVFS分别为(25.87±4.75)%和(42.97±4.75)%,LVESV分别为(52.50±2.89)和(23.75±4.79) μL,LVIDs分别为(2.63±0.16) 和(1.67±0.21) mm;TG分别为(1.17±0.18)和(0.51±0.09) mmol·L-1,TC分别为(5.58±0.76)和(1.93±0.58) mmol·L-1,HDL-C分别为(1.69±0.50) 和(4.86±0.48) mmol·L-1,LDL-C分别为(3.84±0.70)和(1.17±0.65) mmol·L-1,MDA含量分别为(6.10±0.38) 和(3.02±0.16) nmol·mgprot-1,GSH含量分别为(20.90±10.30)和(39.49±15.70) μmol·gprot-1,氧化应激蛋白Kelch样ECH关联蛋白1(Keap1)相对表达水平分别为1.75±0.22和1.07± 0.03,核因子-E2相关因子2(Nrf2)相对表达水平分别为0.51±0.09和0.96±0.13,过氧化物酶-1(PRDX-1)相对表达水平分别为0.43±0.08和0.93± 0.18,血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)相对表达水平分别为0.42±0.08和0.94±0.14,高剂量组的上述指标与模型组比较,在统计学上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<001)。

结论

GAS能改善DCM小鼠心肌功能,其作用机制可能与抑制氧化应激,调节Keap1/Nrf2信号通路有关。

天麻素  /  糖尿病心肌病  /  氧化应激  /  核因子-E2相关因子2
Objective

To investigate the effects of gastrodin (GAS) on diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy (DCM) and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods

Fifty C57BL/6J mice were divided into control group (n=10, normal diet) and high-fat high-sucrose (HFD) group [n=40, HFD diet combined with intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) injection to establish the DCM model]. Successfully modeled HFD mice were randomly assigned to the model group, GAS low-dose group (50 mg·kg-1, qd), GAS high-dose group (100 mg·kg-1 qd), and positive control metformin group (250 mg·kg-1qd). The control and model groups were administered saline via gavage, while the other three groups received their respective drugs via gavage for three consecutive months. Cardiac ultrasound was used to measure left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), and left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole (LVIDs). Serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were quantified using assay kits. Cardiac tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were measured. Protein expression was analyzed via Western blotting.

Results

The LVEF of the model group and high-dose group were (62.54±3.24)% and (80.20±3.29)%, respectively, and the LVFS were (25.87±4.75)% and (42.97±4.75)%, respectively LVESVs were (55.00±4.08) and (23.75±4.79) μL, LVIDs were (2.63±0.16) and (1.67±0.21) mm, TG was (1.17±0.18) and (0.51±0.09) mmol·L-1, TC was (5.58±0.76) and (1.93±0.58) mmol·L-1, HDL-C was (1.69±0.50) and (4.86±0.48) mmol·L-1, LDL-C was (3.84±0.70) and (1.17±0.65) mmol·L-1, respectively. The MDA content was (6.10±0.38) and (3.02±0.16) nmol· mgprot-1, the GSH content was (20.90±10.30) and (39.49±15.70) μmol·gprot-1, the relative expression levels of oxidative stress protein Kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1) were 1.75±0.22 and 1.07±0.03, the relative expression levels of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were 0.51±0.09 and 0.96±0.13, and the relative expression levels of peroxidase-1 (PRDX-1) were 0.43±0.08 and 0.93±0.18, respectively, and the relative expression levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were 0.42±0.08 and 0.94±0.14, respectively. Compared with the model group, the above indicators in the high-dose group showed statistically significant differences (P<0.01,P<001).

Conclusion

GAS can improve the myocardial function of DCM mice, and its mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress and the regulation of the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

gastrodin  /  dcardiomyopathy  /  oxidative stress  /  nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
王银银, 陈婷婷, 王雪婷, 陶玲, 沈祥春, 张敏. 天麻素改善糖尿病诱发的小鼠心肌病的作用和机制研究. 中国临床药理学杂志, 2025 , 41 (16) : 2311 -2316 . DOI: 10.13699/j.cnki.1001-6821.2025.16.011
Yin-yin WANG, Ting-ting CHEN, Xue-ting WANG, Ling TAO, Xiang-chun SHEN, Min ZHANG. Study on effects and mechanisms of gastrodin on myocardial injury by diabetes in mice[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2025 , 41 (16) : 2311 -2316 . DOI: 10.13699/j.cnki.1001-6821.2025.16.011
糖尿病心肌病(diabetic cardiomyopathy, DCM)是糖尿病并发的严重心脏疾病,以心脏结构、功能和代谢改变为特征[1]。DCM的发病机制复杂,其中氧化应激被认为是DCM发病机制的关键因素[2]。天麻素(gastrodin,GAS)是从天麻(gastrodia elata)中提取的一种化合物,可用于心脑血管疾病的治疗、具有保护心肌细胞的作用[3]。此外,研究证实,GAS能通过减轻氧化应激损伤,对多种疾病及心肌病发挥治疗作用[4]。核因子-E2相关因子2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, Nrf2)是广为人知的抗氧化核转录因子,负责调控多种信号蛋白和酶的表达、以维持细胞的氧化还原平衡[5],然而GAS对DCM进展的影响是否与Keap1/Nrf2通路有关尚不清楚。本研究通过构建DCM小鼠模型,重点分析GAS对DCM心肌损伤的保护及其潜在分子机制,以揭示Keap1/Nrf2信号通路在其中的调控作用及其作用机制。
动物 C57BL/6J雄性小鼠,鼠龄8周,体质量18~22 g,购自长沙天勤生物技术有限公司。动物生产许可证号:SYXK(贵)2023-0002;本实验研究经贵州医科大学实验动物管理与使用委员会审核批准(伦理批号:2305247)。
药品与试剂 GAS,批号:G299059,纯度: ≥98%,规格: 每瓶0.1 kg,上海阿拉丁生物技术有限公司生产;Kelch样ECH关联蛋白1(Kelch like Ech associated procein,Keap1)、Nrf2、过氧化物酶-1(peroxidase-1, PRDX-1)及血红素加氧酶-1(heme oxygenase-1, HO-1)抗体,均购自武汉爱博泰克生物技术有限公司;酶联免疫分析试剂盒:肌酸激酶同工酶 (creatine kinase-MB, CK-MB)、白细胞介素1β (interleukin-1β, IL-1β)、白细胞介素6 (interleukin-6, IL-6)均购自上海江莱生物科技有限公司;丙二醛 (malondialdehyde, MDA)、谷胱甘肽 (glutathione, GSH)、乳酸脱氢酶 (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH)、总胆固醇 (total-cholesterol, TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)测定试剂盒,均购自南京建成生物工程研究所。
仪器 VINNO V6VET小动物超声影像系统,中国飞依诺科技有限公司产品;Tanon5200 化学发光成像系统,上海天能科技有限公司产品;3020-426全波长多功能酶标仪,美国Thermo公司产品;NIKON E100光学显微镜,日本尼康公司产品。
雄性C57BL/6J小鼠经7d 环境适应期饲养后,随机分为对照组、模型组和低、高剂量实验组及阳性对照二甲双胍组,每组10只。对照组给予普通饲料喂养,其余4组均用高脂高糖饲料喂养并联合链脲佐菌素腹腔注射构建DCM小鼠模型。2组饲料配方参照文献进行标准化配制[6],饲养期间自由摄食饮水,实验全程维持SPF级动物房环境条件。喂养12周后,通过腹腔注射葡萄糖(每1 g体重腹腔注射浓度为20%的葡萄糖0.01 mL),在时间点为0、15、30、60、90和120 min分别测量小鼠的血糖值(fasting blood glucose, FBG)和胰岛素(insulin, INS)水平,计算出INS抵抗指数(homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-IR)和血糖曲线下面积(the area under the curve, AUC)。对出现胰岛素抵抗和糖耐量异常的小鼠,腹腔注射链脲佐菌素 30 mg·kg-1qod,共3次,再喂养1周后测定小鼠FBG水平,若FBG高于11.1 mmol·L-1提示2型糖尿病(diabetes mellitus, DM)模型复制成功[7]。造模成功的小鼠,GAS低、高剂量实验组分别予GAS 50、100 mg·kg-1qd灌胃处理,阳性对照二甲双胍组予二甲双胍(metformin, Met) 250 mg·kg-1qd灌胃处理,对照组与模型组灌胃等量0.9%氯化钠溶液,Met是治疗2型DM的经典药物,作为阳性对照药品。
麻醉后的小鼠,固定四肢,小鼠心前区脱毛处理。用高分辨率小动物超声影像系统,选择M型单声束扫描模式,进行心脏超声参数采集,采集左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF)、左心室短轴缩短率(left ventricular fractional shortening, LVFS)、左心室收缩末期容积(left ventricular end systolic volume, LVESV)及左心室收缩末期内径(left ventricular end systolic imension, LVIDs)等4项心功能指标。
心脏超声检查后的小鼠,通过摘除眼球法采集全血,4 000 r·min-1离心20 min,取上清液,根据ELISA试剂盒说明测定血清心肌酶(CK-MB)和炎症因子(IL-1β、IL-6)水平;根据生化试剂盒说明测定血脂(TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C)和LDH水平。
取出小鼠心肌组织,用4%多聚甲醛固定、经梯度乙醇脱水、制备组织蜡块。切片机对蜡块切片,最后分别用苏木精-伊红(HE)双重染色法和Mason三色染色法在显微镜下观察心肌组织形态学变化。
称取适量心肌组织提取总蛋白,使用BCA试剂盒进行蛋白定量,利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离变性蛋白样品,转膜,无蛋白快速封闭液封闭,加入相应的一抗、在4 ℃冰箱中水平摇床孵育过夜;第2天回收一抗,加入相应二抗,用Tanon 5200化学发光系统记录显色结果,并用Image J软件进行蛋白条带灰度值分析。
用Graph Pad Prism 10.2.1 软件统计和分析实验数据,实验数据用表示,通过单因素方差分析和双侧t检验来评估组间的差异。
模型组与对照相比,小鼠的LVEF和LVFS均显著降低,而LVESV和LVIDs均显著增加(均P<0.001);GAS低、高剂量组与模型组相比,LVEF和LVFS显著增高,LVESV和LVIDs均显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001)。模型组与对照相比,小鼠血清CK-MB、LDH显著升高(均P<0.001);GAS低、高剂量组与模型组相比,血清CK-MB和LDH均显著降低(P<0.001);同时研究表明,在对上述指标进行比较时,Met组与GAS组之间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结果见表1表2
模型组与对照相比,小鼠血脂指标TG、TC和LDL-C均显著增加,而HDL-C含量均降低(P<0.01,P<0.001);GAS低、高剂量组与模型组相比,TG、TC、LDL-C含量均显著降低,HDL-C含量均显著增加(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001)。同时模型组与对照相比,血清炎症因子IL-1β和IL-6含量均显著增加(均P<0.001);GAS低、高剂量组与模型组相比,IL-1β、IL-6含量降低(P<0.05,P<0.001)。研究表明,在对上述指标进行比较时,Met组与GAS组之间在统计学上差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。见表3
HE染色结果显示:对照组小鼠心肌细胞排列规则、细胞形态正常、未见炎性细胞浸润;模型组小鼠心肌组织呈现明显病理改变,主要表现为心肌细胞排列紊乱、心肌肥大及炎性细胞浸润;而低、高剂量GAS组与Met组小鼠的心肌细胞排列趋向规则、心肌细胞逐渐恢复正常形态及炎性细胞浸润程度降低。此外,Masson染色进一步揭示,对照组小鼠心肌组织未见明显胶原沉积;而模型组出现显著纤维化病灶;低、高剂量GAS组心肌间质胶原沉积较模型组显著减少。结果见图1
模型组与对照相比,小鼠心肌组织MDA显著升高,GSH显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.001),GAS低、高剂量组与模型组相比,小鼠心肌组织MDA含量显著降低、GSH含量增加(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001),Met组与GAS组比较,在统计学上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结果见表4
通过Western blot 技术检测小鼠心肌组织蛋白表达,模型组与对照相比,小鼠心肌组织中抗氧化相关蛋白Nrf2、PRDX-1及HO-1的表达均显著降低,而Nrf2的负调控因子Keap1蛋白表达均显著增加(P<0.05);GAS低、高剂量组与模型组相比,小鼠心肌组织Nrf2、PRDX-1及HO-1蛋白表达均显著回升、Keap1蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结果见表5图2
糖尿病会加重心肌梗死后的舒张期和收缩期心力衰竭,从而产生心肌特异性微血管并发症[8]。既往研究表明,该疾病的发病机制常伴随着氧化应激、炎性反应、代谢紊乱等病理现象[9]。此外,DCM的发生会导致心肌组织结构异常、胶原沉积、心肌纤维化,伴随着心肌泵血功能指标异常等心肌损伤的状况,导致心肌舒缩功能异常[10]。本研究发现,模型组小鼠呈现显著心功能异常,表现为心脏收缩/舒张功能下降及射血分数降低。生化指标检测发现,血清中心肌损伤标志物(CK-MB、LDH)水平均显著上升,促炎因子(IL-1β、IL-6)及脂质过氧化产物MDA含量增加,而抗氧化系统关键分子GSH则降低。组织病理学分析显示:心肌组织存在结构紊乱,间质中可见炎性细胞浸润;Masson染色证实心肌组织有胶原纤维沉积现象,心肌纤维化程度显著加剧。上述证据表明,DCM病变过程中同时存在氧化应激损伤、炎症级联反应与心肌重塑的病理特征。
天麻素是名贵中药材天麻中提取的主要活性成分,其药理活性广泛,在治疗神经疾病、心血管疾病、内分泌疾病和肝病方面具有良好的疗效[11]。有研究报道,GAS可以减轻由氧化应激和炎症引起的肝、肾和缺血性脑中风损伤[12-13]。LI等[14]报道,GAS可通过减少炎症和氧化应激反应等以及调节T2DM小鼠的糖脂代谢和抑郁样行为。本研究发现,与模型组小鼠相比,GAS组小鼠心脏功能好转,心肌酶、炎症因子及氧化应激指标MDA含量降低、GSH含量增高,且伴随着心肌组织病理损伤减轻。表明GAS能够改善DCM小鼠心功能、心肌损伤、炎性反应和氧化应激现象,发挥保护心功能作用。
Nrf2是维持细胞氧化还原平衡的重要核转录因子,也是细胞对环境压力反应的总调控因子,Keap1是Nrf2的负调节因子,研究报道,Nrf2活性在多种患者组织中被抑制[15],而Nrf2激活能增加PRDX-1、HO-1表达,继而发挥抗氧化作用[16]。本研究中,在模型组小鼠心肌组织中Nrf2蛋白及其下游蛋白PRDX-1和HO-1的表达皆显著下调,Keap1蛋白表达上调,而GAS促进了Nrf2、PRDX-1和HO-1蛋白表达,下调Keap1蛋白表达。以上结果提示GAS可能通过促进Keap1和Nrf2解偶联,从而提高Nrf2、PRDX-1和HO-1的表达,产生抗氧化应激损伤的保护作用。该发现不仅阐明了GAS干预DCM的作用途径,同时也为开发基于Nrf2信号通路调控的靶向治疗策略提供了新思路。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82060729)
  • 贵州省自然科学基金资助项目(黔科合基础-ZK〔2023〕一般311)
  • 贵州省自然科学基金资助项目(黔科合基础-ZK〔2025〕面上062)
  • 贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般595)
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2025年第41卷第16期
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doi: 10.13699/j.cnki.1001-6821.2025.16.011
  • 接收时间:2025-04-25
  • 首发时间:2026-04-02
  • 出版时间:2025-08-28
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-25
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82060729)
贵州省自然科学基金资助项目(黔科合基础-ZK〔2023〕一般311)
贵州省自然科学基金资助项目(黔科合基础-ZK〔2025〕面上062)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般595)
作者信息
    1.贵州医科大学 药学院/天然药物资源最佳利用重点实验室/药用植物功能与应用国家重点实验室 贵州 贵安 561113
    2.贵州医科大学神奇民族医药学院 基础医学部,贵州 贵阳 550004
    3.贵阳市妇幼保健院 药学部,贵州 贵阳 550002
    4.贵州医科大学 基础医学院 生理学系,贵州 贵安 561113

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沈祥春,教授,博士生导师 MP: 13511919069 E-mail:
张敏,副教授,硕士生导师 MP: 13985023595 E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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