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Research on vessel scheduling strategies considering tidal constraints for port entry and exit
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Zhitao YUAN1, 2, 3, *, Jiakang DONG1, Kezhong LIU1, 2, 3, Jingyao WANG1, Xiaoliang MI4, Yikai GUI1
Navigation of China | 2026, 49(1) : 105 - 115
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Navigation of China | 2026, 49(1): 105-115
• Port and Waterway Engineering •
Research on vessel scheduling strategies considering tidal constraints for port entry and exit
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Zhitao YUAN1, 2, 3, *, Jiakang DONG1, Kezhong LIU1, 2, 3, Jingyao WANG1, Xiaoliang MI4, Yikai GUI1
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
  • 2.HubeiKey Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
  • 3.National Key Laboratory of Waterway Transportation Control, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
  • 4.Zhoushan Maritime Safety Administration of People's Republic of China, Zhoushan 316000, China
Published: 2026-02-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2026.01.011
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Efficient scheduling of large vessels entering and leaving ports is critical to improving port efficiency, particularly for ports affected by tidal constraints. This study investigates the ship scheduling problem in tide-influenced ports, incorporating tidal window constraints while accounting for berth size differences, vessel safety distances, and mooring／unmooring operations. A Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is developed with the objective of minimizing the total delay time of all vessels, and a Lagrangian relaxation heuristic algorithm is designed for its solution. A case study using real tidal data from the Ningbo-Zhoushan Wai Diao operation area was conducted. The results show that the proposed scheduling model and algorithm, which consider tidal window constraints, can reduce vessel delays by 28. 5% while meeting safety requirements. This approach provides valuable insights for scheduling in ports significantly affected by tides.

seaports  /  vessel scheduling  /  navigation efficiency  /  Lagrangian relaxation algorithm  /  tidal constraints
Zhitao YUAN, Jiakang DONG, Kezhong LIU, Jingyao WANG, Xiaoliang MI, Yikai GUI. Research on vessel scheduling strategies considering tidal constraints for port entry and exit[J]. Navigation of China, 2026 , 49 (1) : 105 -115 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2026.01.011
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Article Info
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2026.01.011
  • Receive Date：2025-01-07
  • Online Date：2026-05-19
  • Published：2026-02-25
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  • Received：2025-01-07
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Affiliations
    1.School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
    2.HubeiKey Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
    3.National Key Laboratory of Waterway Transportation Control, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
    4.Zhoushan Maritime Safety Administration of People's Republic of China, Zhoushan 316000, China
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zghh/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2026.01.011
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