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Numerical simulation and identification of submarine wake characteristics in stratified flow
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Eryun CHEN1, *, Xingsheng LIU1, Zhenlai MA2, Xinxin ZHAO2, Guoping LI2, Ailing YANG1, 3
Navigation of China | 2026, 49(1) : 78 - 88
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Navigation of China | 2026, 49(1): 78-88
Marine Traffic Safety
Numerical simulation and identification of submarine wake characteristics in stratified flow
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Eryun CHEN1, *, Xingsheng LIU1, Zhenlai MA2, Xinxin ZHAO2, Guoping LI2, Ailing YANG1, 3
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
  • 2.Shanghai Shipbuilding Equipment Research Institute, Shanghai 200031, China
  • 3.Shanghai Publishing and Printing College, Shanghai 200093, China
Published: 2026-02-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2026.01.008
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Hydrodynamic wake is one of the important physical fields for the non-acoustic detection of submarines, and its accurate prediction is difficult due to the complexity of the marine environment. The Volume of Fluid (VOF) method is used to numerically simulate the stratified flow field of a submarine under direct navigation, and the influence laws of the speed, dive depth, and seawater stratification on the free-surface wake features and internal-wave wake features are obtained. Canny edge detection operator theory is applied to extract the wake profile features, and the wake angle and transverse wave tensor angle are measured. The results show that the submarine's wake does not present a typical "V" wave when the Fr number is low at a large dive depth, but gradually changes from a "spot" to a parallel wave with the increase of the Fr number, and eventually evolves into a distinct "V" wave. The strong stratification of seawater enhances free-surface perturbation, making the free-surface wake characteristics more pronounced. These results provide a basis for image recognition of hydrodynamic wake characteristics of submarines.

free surface trailing  /  internal wave  /  stratified flow  /  VOF  /  Canny
Eryun CHEN, Xingsheng LIU, Zhenlai MA, Xinxin ZHAO, Guoping LI, Ailing YANG. Numerical simulation and identification of submarine wake characteristics in stratified flow[J]. Navigation of China, 2026 , 49 (1) : 78 -88 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2026.01.008
Year 2026 volume 49 Issue 1
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2026.01.008
  • Receive Date:2025-03-29
  • Online Date:2026-05-19
  • Published:2026-02-25
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  • Received:2025-03-29
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Affiliations
    1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
    2.Shanghai Shipbuilding Equipment Research Institute, Shanghai 200031, China
    3.Shanghai Publishing and Printing College, Shanghai 200093, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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