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With the implementation of the "2024-2025 Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction Action Plan", the port industry, as a core component of the transportation system, faces urgent tasks in energy conservation and emission reduction. To enhance the carbon emission efficiency and competitiveness of regional port clusters, and to promote more sustainable development of port clusters in the Bohai Rim region, this study measures the carbon emission efficiency and dynamic efficiency of 14 major ports in the Bohai Rim from 2007 to 2022 using the unexpected output super-efficiency SBM-Malmquist model. A Tobit regression model is further constructed to analyze the influencing factors of port carbon emission efficiency. The results reveal an overall upward trend in carbon emission efficiency among Bohai Rim ports. The regional ranking of carbon emission efficiency has shifted from Shandong > Liaodong > Jingjinji to Jingjinji > Shandong >Liaodong, with the efficiency gap between Jingjinji and the Shandong and Liaodong Peninsula ports widening. Scientific innovation and ecological compensation are identified as primary drivers of port carbon emission efficiency improvement, while the level of openness, transport capacity, and industrial structure exert negative effects. Based on these findings, this paper proposes pathways for improving carbon emission efficiency and optimizing management in Bohai Rim port clusters.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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