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A container port berth allocation optimization method based on the reverse learning BWO algorithm
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Mingwei LI1, Qingyong LI2, Zhongyi YANG3, Xiangyang LI1
Navigation of China | 2025, 48(4) : 84 - 92
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Navigation of China | 2025, 48(4): 84-92
• Port and Waterway Engineering •
A container port berth allocation optimization method based on the reverse learning BWO algorithm
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Mingwei LI1, Qingyong LI2, Zhongyi YANG3, Xiangyang LI1
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Ship Building Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
  • 2.Offshore Oil Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300451
  • 3.College of Management Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001
Published: 2025-12-25 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2025.04.010
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With the rapid development of global shipping, port cargo volumes are increasing significantly, leading to growing issues of vessel congestion and delays, which in turn severely constrain port operations. In response to the challenges posed by surging cargo volumes, ship congestion, and aggravated pollution, this paper proposes a Time-Berth & Pollution (TB&P) model. The model takes the difference between the actual and expected time in port as the objective function, aiming to minimize operating costs and pollution emissions, subject to constraints related to time, space, and machinery/equipment. To solve the TB&P model, an improved version of the basic Beluga Whale Optimization (BWO) algorithm is developed, termed the Opposition Learning Beluga Whale Optimization (OBWO) algorithm. The feasibility and superiority of the proposed model and improved algorithm are verified through case data from a port. Results demonstrate that, compared with traditional models, the established model significantly reduces the extent of ship delays and mitigates water pollution in the port area. Furthermore, the proposed OBWO algorithm exhibits enhanced stability and accuracy relative to other selected algorithms.

port dispatching  /  multi-objective optimization  /  BWO algorithm  /  reverse learning
Mingwei LI, Qingyong LI, Zhongyi YANG, Xiangyang LI. A container port berth allocation optimization method based on the reverse learning BWO algorithm[J]. Navigation of China, 2025 , 48 (4) : 84 -92 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2025.04.010
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Year 2025 volume 48 Issue 4
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Article Info
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4653.2025.04.010
  • Receive Date：2024-10-22
  • Online Date：2026-03-17
  • Published：2025-12-25
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  • Received：2024-10-22
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Affiliations
    1.College of Ship Building Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
    2.Offshore Oil Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300451
    3.College of Management Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001
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