This article focuses on the significant revisions to the time limit system in the new Maritime Code of China, systematically examining the institutional restructuring in four key areas: the one-year time limit for the carriage of goods by sea, the recourse time limitation, special causes for the interruption of maritime time limitations, and the commencement of the time limitation for marine insurance claims. The research shows that the new Code has made important progress in maintaining the internationally accepted one-year benchmark, constructing a balanced bilateral time limit structure, appropriately broadening the causes for interruption, and unifying the commencement standard for insurance claims, thereby significantly enhancing the legal system's certainty and international harmonization. However, the new Code might face challenges in local adaptation, including the absence of an agreement-based extension mechanism, limited recourse time limitation relief space, and unclear special rules for liability insurance and subrogation. By analyzing the new legal system and evaluating its effectiveness and potential limitations, this article aims to provide response strategies for the shipping industry and judicial practice, promoting the continuous optimization of China's maritime legal environment.