In order to reduce the casualties and property losses and improve the emergency rescue capability in coal and gas outburst accidents，an SSA optimized SVM was proposed to evaluate the emergency rescue capability of coal and gas outburst accidents. First，according to relevant literature and research reports，four first-level indicators，including emergency prevention ability，emergency preparedness ability，emergency response ability and recovery and rehabilitation ability，were constructed. These indicators were further subdivided into 18 second-level indicators，and the score data of each indicator was used as the model training dataset. Then，the network analytic Hierarchy process (ANP) and entropy weight method (EWM) were used to determine the subjective and objective weights of each evaluation indicator under the mutual influence，and the Lagrange function was used to merge the weights to obtain the optimal weights. SSA optimized the radial basis parameters g and penalty factor C of SVM. The result of optimal weight calculation was used as the input of the SSA-SVM model，and the expected value was used as the output for linear regression prediction. Finally，taking a mine in Hebei Province as an example，the prediction results of the SSA-SVM model was compared with the traditional SVM，particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) optimization SVM and Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) optimization SVM，and the predicted results and the expected values were analyzed. The results show that the prediction results of the SSA-SVM model are consistent with the reality，and the average absolute error decreases by 8.04%，5.15% and 4.82%，respectively，compared with other models，which proves the superiority of the proposed model. This model can be applied to the evaluation of the emergency rescue ability of coal and gas outburst accidents in actual mines.

In order to explore the response mechanism of spontaneous combustion of underground coal and surface carbon flux under complex conditions，the surface CO₂ flux，soil temperature，fissure，environmental wind velocity and soil humidity in Fuxin Haizhou open-pit mine were monitored for a long time. Field tests，data analysis and other methods were applied to study the correlation between the underground coal spontaneous combustion and surface CO₂ flux. The influence of surface fissure，environmental wind velocity and soil humidity on the response mechanism of underground coal spontaneous combustion-surface carbon flux were analyzed. The results show that underground coal combustion is the fundamental factor triggering the abnormal surface carbon flux response. The surface CO₂ flux is positively correlated with the surface soil temperature distribution. Surface fissure is the main factor affecting the surface CO₂ flux distribution. The environmental wind speed is positively correlated with the surface CO₂ flux. The surface CO₂ flux response is generally not affected by soil humidity，but it is greatly affected by rainfall.

In order to deeply analyze the influence of pedestrian panic on the efficiency of group evacuation under emergencies，this paper analyzed and constructed a quantitative model of pedestrian panic，which was composed of two parts: self-panic and panic propagation. First，the model considered factors such as detention time，local density，the distance between pedestrians and exits，the density of people around and the spread of pedestrian panic. Then it was introduced into the social force model for improvement and optimization，and verified the validity by comparing with the classical phenomenon. Finally，the simulation analysis was carried out using Anylogic software. The results show that the improved model can better reflect the evacuation movement characteristics of pedestrians in panic situations. A moderate panic，such as when the panic degree is less than 0.3，can accelerate the evacuation speed of the crowd. A high panic，such as when the panic value is greater than 0.3，can exacerbate the bottleneck phenomenon，and the so-called "fast is slow" phenomenon occurs，thus reducing the evacuation efficiency.

In order to address the inefficiencies in manually classifying and analyzing inspection records about civil aviation supervision，a dual-channel feature extraction short text classification model was proposed. The model combined data augmentation techniques and character-word vector fusion. The model aimed to tackle classification issues related to people，equipment and facilities，institutional procedures and institutional responsibilities in civil aviation supervised matters. In order to tackle the issue of class imbalance，data augmentation algorithms were employed to generate new samples by transforming the original texts，thereby balancing the sample sizes across different categories. The word vectors and character vectors were fused by combining them at the character level，resulting in character vectors that retain word-level features. These fused character vectors were then fed into TextCNN and BiLSTM for feature extraction at different dimensions. By extracting features from both local and global perspectives，this dual-channel approach aimed to capture comprehensive and effective information from the inspection records dataset in civil aviation regulatory matters. Experimental results on the civil aviation regulatory matter inspection record dataset demonstrate that the proposed model achieves an accuracy of 0.983 7 and an F₁ score of 0.983 6. Compared with some existing word embedding models and character embedding models，the accuracy is improved by 0.4%. Furthermore，when compared with commonly used single-channel models，the accuracy is increased by 3%，which validates the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of the features extracted by the dual-channel model.

To explore the enhanced permeability of gas-containing coal seams and improve extraction efficiency，high-pressure gas fracturing tests under different impact directions were performed by a self-developed true triaxial high-pressure gas impact rock fracturing test system. The test variable was the angle between gas impact direction and maximum horizontal principal stress. High-pressure gas impact tests were performed under the actions of three triaxial stress，and rock fracture morphology and acoustic emission response were obtained at angles between the impact direction and the maximum horizontal principal stress of 0，30，45，60，and 90°. The results indicated that the rock fracturing process caused by high-pressure gas presented five significant stages including the impact crack initiation stage，air pressure rising stage，crack propagation stage，air pressure stabilization stage，and pressure attenuation stage; High-pressure gas impact caused vertical and horizontal cracks. Vertical cracks were deflected，and the deflection angle increased with the increment of the jet angle. Moreover，the crack deflection points gradually moved away from the drilling hole，and the horizontal fracture surface took on a shape of low in the middle and high in surrounding areas. The maximum gas pressure increased with the angle between the jet direction and the maximum principal stress，and the peak pressure represented a linear increment from 0 to 90°; The acoustic emission signals analysis indicated that rock impact failure was primarily caused by tensile failure and supplemented by shear failure. However，as the jet angle increased，it gradually became a tensile-shear composite failure dominated by shear failure.

To effectively identify and assess different types of risk events in the risk zoo，and compare the difference of different risk metaphor events，based on theory of complex system thinking and vulnerability，risk metaphor events were identified and analyzed from 6 dimensions of risk certainty，universality，periodicity，stability，tolerance and reversibility. An assessment model of risk metaphor events was constructed based on the theory of the public safety triangle. The results show that through complex system thinking，we summarize and classify the general characteristics of risk metaphor events，and establish a multi-dimensional quantitative assessment model of risk metaphor events，which provides the application ideas and method logic for the control of risk metaphor events and ensure the scientific and reasonable establishment of risk metaphor events. Finally，the 4P (Prohibit，Suspend，Postpone，Prevent) strategy of risk prevention is proposed for the different cognitive characteristics of risk metaphor events，which provides a reference for organizations to carry out risk event control.

In order to solve the problems such as the danger，the integrity of the train structure and the safety of personnel when the high-speed train was operated in a low-vacuum tunnel，the temperature attenuation characteristics of the high-speed train compartment in a low-vacuum tunnel in a fire were explored by numerical simulation. Then the temperature distribution inside the adjacent carriages was analyzed. Finally，the distribution characteristics of the maximum temperature inside the burning carriage were studied. The results show that the temperature of the burning carriage and adjacent carriage roof decreases exponentially along the longitudinal direction. In adjacent compartments，the power has an effect on temperature attenuation. At low fire source power (0.3-0.6 MW)，the high temperature smoke spread is relatively weak，and passengers in the adjacent carriages are relatively safe. At medium source power (0.7-1.1 MW)，the high temperature smoke spreading is significant，and the temperature abrupt point appears due to the influence of carriage wall and door. At high fire source power (1.2-1.5 MW)，the heat plume intensity is higher，and high temperature smoke spread is relatively less affected by carriage wall and door，and temperature spreading trend in the connecting part of carriage is basically the same as that in the adjacent carriage. The maximum temperature in the carriage is related to power of fire source and distance from fire source to the ceiling，and there is a linear relationship.

In order to achieve the goal of cost reduction and efficiency enhancement in emergency logistics，the comprehensive capabilities of emergency logistics suppliers were evaluated from the perspective of suppliers by utilizing the Cloud TOPSIS. Based on the characteristics of emergency logistics，a comprehensive evaluation index system for emergency logistics suppliers was constructed from five aspects: emergency response capability，material quality，cost control，emergency response flexibility，and internal and external conditions of the enterprise. Drawing on the ideas of game theory，the objective weights obtained by the improved entropy weight method and the subjective weights obtained by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) were taken as game opponents to determine the optimal combination of weights. The cloud model was used to solve for the decision-making cloud of indicators and the weighted cloud for the fuzzy qualitative evaluation semantics quantification of suppliers. Finally，using the TOPSIS method，the positive and negative ideal solution sets were constructed，and the relative closeness to these ideal solutions was determined by calculating the distance of alternative solutions，thus identifying the optimal alternative. Research indicates that the Indicator Decision Cloud can accurately quantify evaluative language，and the results of the Cloud-TOPSIS method are more reasonable. In the ranking of suppliers' relative closeness，the difference between the best and worst calculated by the Cloud-TOPSIS method is 0.331 5，while for the TOPSIS method，it is 0.088 2，with a difference of 0.243 3. This suggests that the evaluation results of the Cloud-TOPSIS method have a greater degree of differentiation，which can more intuitively assist decision-makers in making optimal choices.

The purpose of this research is to clarify the research progress of the theory and technology of pedestrian abnormal behavior recognition in public places. Firstly，with the help of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and the Web of Science (WOS)，a broad definition and universal characteristics of abnormal pedestrian behavior in public places were given. The existing research results related to abnormal behaviors were divided into three categories: harmful behaviors，dissociable behaviors and violations. Then，from the perspective of data and technological foundations，the existing abnormal behavior recognition methods were divided into four categories: artificial design，human skeleton，Red Geen Blue(RGB) images and wearable sensors. Secondly，this study sorted out the abnormal behavior datasets of mainstream populations both domestically and internationally，and analyzed the performance of relevant algorithms on the datasets. Finally，the limitations of existing research methods in available datasets and data fusion detection were summarized，and future research directions and optimization suggestions were provided. The results indicate that these four types of abnormal behavior recognition methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. It is necessary to construct a diversified，well-defined and high-quality international benchmark dataset of abnormal behaviors among the crowd. Future research should focus on robust and accurate methods，models，and algorithms for identifying abnormal behaviors，explore multi-dimensional data fusion complementary detection methods，improve the application scenario consistency and adaptability of the theoretical results of abnormal behavior recognition，and eventually enhance the level of public place crowd safety governance.

In order to analyze the content characteristics of international occupational health policies and promote the high-quality development of China's occupational health career，the occupational health policy texts of five countries，namely China，the United States，Japan，Australia，and Sweden，were taken as the research object. Relying on theory of policy tools and PMC index model，a quantitative analysis of the occupational health policies of the five countries was conducted under the international comparative perspective，and suggestions for optimizing China's occupational health policies were then put forward. The study shows that the five countries tend to shape the macro-environment and human and material resources of occupational health governance through environmental and supply-side tools and neglect the pulling role of demand-side tools. Compared with other countries，China has an excellent performance in terms of policy nature，policy recipients，policy focus，and incentives and constraints，and there is still some room for development in terms of policy effectiveness，policy perspectives，and policy subjects. Enhanced comprehension of the issue concerning the imbalanced allocation of occupational health policy tools is imperative. In light of the intricate and dynamic characteristics inherent in managing occupational health for workers，the imperative lies in providing enhanced guidance and support，particularly to those susceptible to mental health hazards.