In order to enhance emergency response capabilities and the service efficiency of shelter systems in rural areas, this study adopted an optimal supply-demand allocation model integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS) software (ArcGIS) to evaluate the accessibility of village-level emergency shelters and township-level short-term shelters in northern Henan province. Key factors influencing shelter site selection were identified to construct a spatial suitability evaluation index system. Using this system, we assessed the spatial distribution of emergency shelters in Xicun town and proposed optimization strategies for the shelter system. The results reveal a significant supply-demand imbalance characterized by poor accessibility, partial overload of village-level shelters, and an irrational distribution with severe shortages of township-level shelters. The suitability evaluation indicates a clear north-south disparity, with higher suitability in the south. After implementing optimization measures—including adding village-level shelters and upgrading those in highly suitable areas—both the balance between supply and demand and overall accessibility are improved across the two-tier shelter system in Xicun town.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |