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To enhance the immersion and effectiveness of fire training and improve the interactive experience of acquiring fire-extinguishing skills, a VR particle fire-extinguishing algorithm based on a heat transfer was proposed and developed on a VR platform. First, a thermodynamic interaction model at the particles level was constructed by introducing a heat transfer mechanism to simulate the energy transfer process between extinguishing agent particles and flame particles. Then, the random walk algorithm was combined with the vortex dynamics model to enhance the natural behavior of the particle system during spraying, diffusion, and turbulence, thereby improving the dynamic realism of flame propagation and fire suppression. Finally, a VR-based fire training system featuring multiple typical fire scenarios was developed based on the Unity 3D engine, and simulation experiments were conducted to validate the matching relationship between different types of fire extinguishers and fire categories. The results show that the collision frequency and energy attenuation curves between extinguishing particles and flame particles vary significantly depending on the extinguisher type and its applicable scenario. Furthermore, the flame decay rate governed by the heat transfer model is closely related to the type of fire extinguisher, effectively reflecting the physical patterns of fire suppression processes.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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