In order to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the air leakage characteristics in the goaf of shallow coal seams, five factors were selected, including the average length and width of overlying rock fractures, the porosity and thickness of overlying rock fractures, and the pressure difference above and below the well, to establish an index system for the impact of air leakage in the goaf of shallow coal seams. The dominance-based rough set and response surface method were combined to construct an analysis model for the air leakage characteristics and their factor effects in the goaf. Taking a coal mine as an example, empirical analysis was conducted to generate preference class rules for air leakage in the goaf and extract preference class features. Using the 3-factor 3-level response surface method, regression function fitting was performed on the air leakage volume in the goaf of shallow buried coal seams. The results indicate that the porosity of overlying rock layers, thickness of overlying rock layers, and pressure difference above and below the well are the core influencing factors of air leakage in goaf, with a single factor F-value of 96.06-226.82. The F values for the interaction factors of "interaction between overlying rock porosity and overlying rock thickness" and "interaction between overlying rock porosity and wellbore pressure difference" are 62.34 and 24.66, respectively. Compared with a single factor, in the interaction of multiple factors, the interaction between the porosity and thickness of overlying rock layers has a significant impact on air leakage in goaf. Therefore, when conducting analysis and prevention of air leakage in shallow coal seam goaf, it is important to pay attention to the role of individual factor indicators, as well as the interaction of factors that have a significant impact on air leakage.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |