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To improve the accuracy of airworthiness assessment for aviation lithium batteries, this paper evaluated the feasibility of equivalent substitution of propane mixed gas in the explosion containment test of thermal runaway gases of aviation lithium batteries. Based on airworthiness standards, the explosion characteristics of standard volume fraction propane and in-situ thermal runaway gases from lithium batteries at different states of charge (SOC) were experimentally compared and analyzed. Ternary lithium batteries were employed, and a dedicated experimental platform was constructed to systematically measure the explosion temperature, maximum explosion overpressure, and pressure rise rate of the thermal runaway gases under different SOCs. The results indicate that the explosion limit range of the lithium battery thermal runaway gases significantly widens with increasing SOC, with a maximum explosion overpressure of 0.519 8 MPa and an explosion power index of 1.093 9. For propane within the standard volume fraction range (3.85% to 4.25%), the maximum explosion overpressure reached 0.822 5 MPa, with an explosion power index of 1.501 7, its explosion potential being higher than that of thermal runaway gases under most SOC conditions. Directly adopting the standard propane concentration for explosion containment verification may lead to over-testing, resulting in an excessively high safety margin. Propane can serve as a preliminary assessment medium, but for equivalent substitution, the test concentration needs to be optimized in combination with the actual SOC state.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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