The 24Model, as an original and systematic accident causation theory in China, has been widely applied in the field of safety science since 2005. However, a comprehensive review of its theoretical development and application trends is still lacking. A systematic search and stratified screening were conducted based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) framework. A scoping review approach was employed to perform structured coding and data extraction from the 357 screened Chinese- and English-language publications. Subsequently, data analyses, including cross-tabulation analysis and chi-square tests, were carried out. The results indicate that research on the 24Model has shown a sustained growth trend and has begun to disseminate globally. Its application domains have expanded from the coal mining industry to complex system industries such as the chemical sector. In addition, application paradigms have evolved from qualitative analysis to quantitative modeling, from post-accident analysis to proactive prevention, and from traditional analytical approaches to digital and intelligent technologies. The systematic model has been further developed and refined in the fifth and sixth editions, providing a new theoretical framework for safety analysis in complex systems. This study suggests that future research on the 24Model may continue to focus on deepening its systematic theoretical foundations, innovating preventive applications, and integrating digital and intelligent technologies.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |