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In order to explore the influence of initiation sequence on the crushing effect of open steps and the surrounding environment，the LS-DYNA simulation software was used to calculate the step blasting model under different initiation sequences. First，the physical and mechanical characteristics of the model under different initiation orders were analyzed. Then，the field test was conducted to verify the simulation results and study the influence of the initiation sequence on the blasting vibration strength and rock crushing degree. The results show that the stacking effect，which changes the stress wave，shows the breaking effect and blasting vibration strength. The hole-by-hole blasting technology can effectively reduce the blasting vibration so as to reduce the adverse effects on the surrounding environment，but the rock-crushing effect is not ideal; the rock passing rate is 81.52%. Compared with the hole-by-hole blasting，the passing rate of wave sequential blasting gravel is increased by 11.68%，and the amount of single-hole collapse is increased by 16.8% when the hole net parameter is increased to 3 m×7 m，which effectively reduces the explosive consumption and reduces the comprehensive cost. However，it produces a large blasting vibration strength，which needs to pay attention to the impact on the surrounding environment.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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