In order to reduce the risk of fire and explosion caused by the anthraquinone process for preparing hydrogen peroxide，a risk assessment was carried out for the extraction and purification process，which is a more hazardous process in the preparation of hydrogen peroxide by anthraquinone process. Firstly，hazard sources of this process were analysed and a fault tree model was established through Freefta software. On the basis of this fault tree model，a dynamic Bayesian network model was drawn using GeNIe software. Secondly，expert scoring method and fuzzy analysis method were used to calculate prior probabilities of basic events in the model，and GeNIe software was used to calculate posterior probabilities of basic events in the model under the set preconditions. Eventually，by comparing change range between prior and posterior probabilities，important basic events were determined，hazard sources causing fire and explosion were revealed，and emergency response technologies were proposed. The results show that four major hazard sources，including pollution caused by degradation products and impurities，generation and increase of side reactions in process，catalyst failure and active chemical properties of hydrogen peroxide，have great impact on fire and explosion during extraction and purification process. It is more effective to develop emergency response technologies for important hazard sources from the perspective of preventing fire spread and liquid evacuation.