Inattentional blindness is a human error related to selective attention or inattention. In order to reduce safety accidents caused by inattentional blindness in high-altitude work among construction workers，30 participants were selected for an experiment to analyze the importance of inattentional blindness in the failure of safety risk perception，as well as the personality trait-related factors that affect inattentional blindness and the failure of safety risk perception，and to establish practical safety management strategies. The results show that inattentional blindness accounts for 50% of the failure of safety risk perception. In addition，personality traits have a significant relationship with inattentional blindness and failure of safety risk perception，with extraversion，conscientiousness，and openness significantly correlated with inattentional blindness and failure of safety risk perception. Workers with low extraversion，high conscientiousness，and low openness have lower proportions of safety risk perception failure and inattentional blindness.