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In order to effectively reduce the risk of blind zones and lack of control in dust environment monitoring，optimize the node coverage control of the dust environment monitoring system in thermal power plants，and prolong the lifetime of WSN，an energy-saving optimization method based on improved genetic algorithms was proposed. Firstly，based on node coverage，total energy consumption of node deployment and total energy consumption of node communication and transmission，the network coverage quality objective function was constructed. Then，aiming at the problems of the local optimization and coding duplication existing in traditional genetic algorithms，the chromosome combination scheme of integer coding，the adaptive adjustment method of crossover and mutation probability and the elite retention strategy were proposed. Finally，the simulation comparison and analysis were performed to determine the optimized node number and distribution scheme. The results show that the improved genetic algorithm significantly improves the convergence speed. The number of iterations required is reduced to 20，and the fitness value is optimized by 52.18%. In the node deployment and coverage study，the optimized number of nodes is 42，the coverage rate is 97.28%，and the node dormancy rate is 76.19%，which effectively improves the energy-saving effect of the dust environmental monitoring system in the thermal power plant.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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