In order to quantify the psychological changes of crowds and the impact of competitive factors on the behaviors of evacuees in emergency evacuation situations，a dynamic model was constructed that closely links the state of personnel psychological state with competitive influencing factors. In this model，the crowd was divided into three categories based on individual behavioral characteristics: independent evacuees，cooperative evacuees，and competitive evacuees. Three major factors influencing individual decision-making during the evacuation process were analyzed in depth: personal characteristics，social guidance mechanisms，and environmental factors. Specific parameter values were set，and SD were employed to simulate and study the behavioral characteristics of pedestrians during emergency evacuation. The research results indicate that as environmental visibility decreases and panic spreads，the proportion of competitive evacuees significantly increases. Conversely，when there are positive guiding behaviors and acts of helping others in the environment，these positive factors can effectively alleviate the crowd's anxiety and reduce competitive behaviors. Particularly noteworthy is that when multiple factors are coupled，the greater the competitive intensity，the more significant the positive effect of helping behaviors becomes. This shows that in highly stressful evacuation environments，positive social guidance and mutual assistance behaviors play a non-negligible role in relieving competitive pressure and improving evacuation efficiency.