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To clarify the essential characteristics and differences between inherent safety, behavior-based safety, process safety, and functional safety and to promote a virtuous cycle of high-quality development and high-level safety, this study employed literature review and comparative analysis methods to explore their basic connotations and evolution processes, interrelationships, realistic challenges, and development paths based on the safety management paradigm shift. The results indicate that inherent safety is an idealized form of safety. Behavior-based safety is an interdisciplinary field that involves the theories and methods of safety science and behavioral science. Process safety protects humans, machines, and the environment through systematic approaches from a full life cycle perspective. Functional safety aims at preventing unacceptable risks caused by functional failures of systems. The four types of safety, led by inherent safety, involve a gradual progression from concepts to practice. These types of safety share a unified internal structure encompassing the elements of humans, machines, environment and management. The current representative standards cover various industry sectors and focus on accident prevention. In the future, the synergistic effect of the four in safety governance should be fully utilized. By using artificial intelligence technology to empower the new engine of safety production, the four should be continuously improved in specific practices tailored to local conditions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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