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To mitigate dust dispersion during electric shovel excavation and loading operations, an externally mounted high-pressure air curtain closed-loop jet dust removal system was designed. This system isolated dust generated during dumping operations at the shovel front from the surrounding environment, creating a low-disturbance zone. When only the airflow system was activated, dust was drawn into the negative-pressure dust collection port through a predetermined closed-loop path via the combined action of jet outlets and the collection port. Subsequent activation of the spray system intensified droplet fragmentation under high-velocity jet impact, enabling thorough mixing of mist particles with dust-laden airflow before settlement. Numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the shovel's external flow field characteristics and droplet distribution during system operation. Four jet deflection angles were evaluated to determine optimal flow field distribution. Simulation results show that the optimal closed-loop entrainment is achieved when the jet velocity is 30 m/s and the deflection angle is 30°. Spray activation enhances droplet fragmentation through high-speed airflow impact, significantly improving dust wetting coverage in front of the shovel body. Airflow field simulations were confirmed through smoke visualization tests showing high similarity to observed flow patterns. Dust concentration measurements after spray activation demonstrated the best dust control effect around the shovel when the jet deflection is 30°, verifying the simulation accuracy of the external flow field and establishing optimal operational parameters.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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