In order to explore the role of intelligent and digital empowerment in the modernization of emergency management systems and capacities, this study identified the key influencing factors and clarifies their interrelationships. CiteSpace was applied to cluster and analyze relevant domestic and international literature, while NVivo12plus, combined with expert consultations, was used to identify 16 influencing factors from four dimensions: environment, mechanism, technology, and data. DEMATEL method was employed to calculate the influence, dependence, centrality, and causality of each factor, and ISM was used to construct a hierarchical structure and reveal their internal logical relationships. By integrating the DEMATEL and ISM models, five key factors were identified, namely political and legal frameworks, cultural awareness, demand and supply, management strategies and planning, and managerial attention and support, which rank highest in multiple indicators and play a significant role in promoting modernization.