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In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of ship-bridge collision risk assessment for navigable bridges, the causes of 248 ship-bridge collision accidents at home and abroad were statistically analyzed and identified, thereby constructing the initial index system of ship-bridge collision risk factors, including 23 risk causes. Based on the fault tree analysis method, the initial fault tree of ship-bridge collision risk was constructed. Boolean algebra operation was used to obtain the fault tree cut sets. By merging and deduplicating the minimum cut sets, the number of causes in the initial fault tree was first simplified. According to the calculation and analysis of the accident probability caused by residual risk causes, combined with Pearson correlation analysis of risk factors, the number of fault tree risk causes was simplified in the second step, and then the main risk factors affecting ship-bridge collisions were identified. The results show that factors such as "navigational conditions and exceeding navigational clearance height", "poor working status", "weak communication ability and poor crew ability", "ship equipment aging and psychological habit" should be incorporated into risk causes including "unfamiliarity with navigational conditions", "lack of navigation technology", "mechanical equipment failure and fluky psychology". Abnormal psychology did not cause accidents during the 8-year period of accident probability analysis, and its proportion in accidents over 10 years was only 0.21%, so it should be eliminated. The correlation between ship density, management of navigational aids and other factors is weak, and the probability caused by the two factors is low, so they can be removed from the main risk factors of ship-bridge collision. Therefore, a ship-bridge collision risk evaluation index system for navigable bridges is constructed, which is based on 14 main risk factors such as meteorological and hydrological conditions, mechanical equipment failure, and weak professional navigation technology and weak emergency response capability.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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