In order to investigate the decision-making mechanism for operational safety risks in bridges and mitigate major operational safety hazards, a three-stage theoretical framework comprising risk perception, risk cognition, and risk decision-making for bridge operational safety was established. H-OWA operator was employed to process expert evaluations, constructing an interaction matrix for decision factors. The meanings and structure of concept nodes within FCM were defined to elucidate the mapping relationships between factors. Monitoring data collected during train passages on a specific railway bridge on January 1, 2020, was utilized for conducting engineering application and validation analysis. The results show that the weight importance ranking of bridge structure acceleration, strain, and displacement is the highest among the iterative process importance ranking, indicating their critical roles in perceiving bridge structure health. Moreover, the implementation effect of reinforcement strategies for the substructure of the bridge is significantly higher than that of waterproofing and insulation and reinforcement of the superstructure under low, medium, and high-risk scenarios, effectively enhancing the overall stability and safety of the bridge.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |