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To investigate the stability of tunnel faces under pipe shed support in deep environments characterized by high stress and high-water pressure, a failure model for the deep tunnel face was established by the variational method. High water pressure and surrounding rock stress were incorporated into the mechanical model, and the external power and internal energy dissipation rates were calculated using the upper limit theorem. The analytical solution for the potential fracture surface of the tunnel faces was derived based on the principle of virtual work. The safety factor of the deep tunnel was solved by Matlab software. The influence of diverse parameters on the failure surface curve was analyzed, and the variation characterstics of safety factor under high stress and high-water pressure environment were discussed. Additionally, the effect of pipe shed support was evaluated. The results indicate that when the surrounding rock strength is low, the failure zone is larger and the longitudinal depth is greater. The high-water pressure and the surrounding rock stress have remarkable influence on the stability of tunnel face. Without considering them, the safety of tunnel face will be overestimated, and the relative error of safety factor can reach more than 60%. Pipe shed support can enhance the stability of deep tunnel face, increasing the safety factor by 79%. Meanwhile, high stress and high-water pressure environment will significantly reduce the effectiveness of pipe shed support. These findings provide theoretical guidance for the support design of deep tunnel, high-stress, and high-water pressure environments.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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