Latest ArticlesStructural response of quay crane should be paid more attention to with the growth of worldwide logistics demand. This paper analyzes the response mechanism of the metallic structure of the quay crane induced by trolley traveling. On-site test is conducted. The time domain of crane girder acceleration signal shows that the main influence of the trolley travelling on crane structure is the high-frequency impact as it passes through the hinge point. The spectrum shows the main frequency of structure vertical vibration and impact vibration. Based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory,a numerical model of quay crane single beam structure is established. The influence of different working conditions on the dynamic response of the beam structure and effect of the centrifugal acceleration term in the dynamic equation on logistics equipment such as quay cranes is analyzed. A refined model of the whole structure including the critical parts of the structure,such as the hinge points,the rail girder and other structural geometric features is established. The trolley is simulated with simplified mass points,and the interaction between the trolley and the girder is realized by the contact between the mass and the shell elements in the dynamic analysis of the quay crane structure. The eccentric force of the rail girder is considered,and the acceleration response of the girder hinge point is calculated,which is basically consistent with the measured signal results. After calculation and analysis,the frequency spectrum of the measured acceleration signal and the calculated signal spectrum at the girder hinge point of the quay crane show that the main influence of the trolley traveling on the quay crane structure is the high-frequency impact. The influence of the impact on the surrounding structure cannot be ignored. At the same time,the displacement results of 10 measuring points on the girder of the quay crane model and the trolley show that when the trolley runs at a constant rated speed with the rated load,the front end of the girder of the quay crane produces a vertical quasi-static displacement. The displacement spectrum indicates that the trolley is mainly affected by the vertical direction forced vibration.
An underwater acoustic structure with metal perforated plate inserted into the traditional anechoic coating is proposed to improve the pressure resistance and sound absorption performance of the structure. The deformation of the acoustic structure under different hydrostatic pressure is studied by the static method. By establishing the acoustic finite element equation under the action of hydrostatic pressure,the sound absorption effect of the acoustic structure under different hydrostatic pressure is analyzed. Compared with the traditional anechoic coating,under the hydrostatic pressure of 0 to 6 MPa,the acoustic structure achieves better broadband sound absorption in the mid-to-high frequency range. In addition,the effects of the thickness,material and porosity of the metal perforated plate on the sound absorption performance of the acoustic structure are discussed. The research shows that the underwater anechoic coating with metal perforated plate is an effective design to improve the pressure resistance and sound absorption performance of underwater acoustic structure.
To investigate the vibration and acoustic properties of the baffled functional gradient plates with general boundary conditions under turbulent excitation,a vibro-acoustic coupling model of the functional gradient plate under turbulent boundary layer wall pressure fluctuation is developed by the energy method based on the turbulent pressure fluctuation cross-spectral density,Chebyshev spectral method,Rayleigh integral and the continuity condition of the fluid-structure coupling surface. The accuracy of the algorithm is verified by the agreement with the analytical solution and experimental results. The effects of the general boundary condition and the gradient index of the FGM plate are studied. It can be noted that when the stiffness of the boundary spring is in a certain range,the peak frequencies of the flow-induced acceleration level and sound pressure level increase with the rise of the spring stiffness. When the stiffness of the boundary spring is large,low vibration and radiated sound exist at low frequency,while the radiated sound pressure is high at high frequency. As the gradient index increases,the peak frequency increases gradually,but the peak responses of the acceleration level and sound pressure level decrease.
A damage identification method of laminated rubber bearing based on its natural frequency is proposed in this paper. Through the periodic structural characteristics of laminated rubber bearings and the characteristic waveguide nano method of the periodic structure,the relationship between the natural frequency and the change of overall shear modulus of the basic periodic unit is deduced,and the sensitivity identification equations of the rate of natural frequency change to unit damage is established. The identification equation set is solved by the constrained optimization method. The damage identification of the laminated rubber isolation bearing based on the change of natural frequency is therefore realized. The example of the calculation model considers the influence of the upper structure on the rubber bearing at the bottom layer,which makes the calculation model more in line with practical engineering. The effectiveness and accuracy of the damage identification method proposed in this paper is verified by the three-dimensional finite element numerical siulation analysis.
Self-centering brace has greater stiffness and bearing capacity after being activated. The brace connection,beam and column are subjected to more complex forces and higher risk of damage. A novel frictional prefabricated connection node in self-centering braced steel frame is proposed to control ultimate axial force of the self-centering brace by frictional slipping. It provides additional energy dissipation for the whole structure. Configuration,assembly and working principles of the connection nodes are described. By numerical simulation,its seismic performance is studied. The effects of design parameters of the connection node on performance are analyzed. The results show that the hysteretic response of the self-centering braced steel frame with the novel connection node is fuller. The energy dissipation capacity of the overall structure is increased by 20.81%. The actual limiting effect of the connection node on total shear force reaches 17.56%,effectively regarding the plastic development of connection node region. By changing the friction coefficient of the friction plate and the preload force of the high-strength bolts of the connection node,the slipping displacement and force can be adjusted.
To solve the problem of friction pendulum system without pull-out resistance under external load excitation,based on electromagnetic principles and semi-active control ideas,an electromagnetic chuck friction pendulum composite isolation system (ECFPS) based on electromagnetic force combined with traditional friction pendulum is proposed. The structural characteristics and energy dissipation mechanism of the composite isolation system are introduced,and theoretical formulas for electromagnetic suction force,equivalent stiffness,period,and equivalent damping ratio of ECFPS are derived based on electromagnetic principles. The ECFPS model is established. A 1∶3 scaled ECFPS specimen is designed and fabricated to investigate the hysteresis performance under different input currents,vertical loads,and displacement amplitudes. The effects of different currents on the anti uplift performance are investigated. The experimental results show that the theoretical values are in good agreement with the experimental values,which verifies the correctness of the theoretical formula derivation. The changes in equivalent stiffness and unit cycle energy consumption are significant,with the maximum variation amplitude of 19.81% and 28.16%,respectively. As the current of the electromagnetic suction cup increases,the anti pull performance of the ECFPS system improves,achieving the vertical resisting pull function of the system.
Seismic vulnerability analysis is one of the most effective tools to evaluate seismic performance of pile-supported wharf (PSW) structures,which can quantify the probability of structural damage under given ground motion parameters. For a typical PSW in this study,the degradation of steel and concrete materials caused by chloride ion induced erosion is explored. Based on the open-source numerical computational platform OpenSees,a two-dimensional finite element model of PSW is created. In this model,the cross-section characteristics of pile considering corrosion effect are adopted in splash zone. The influence of chloride ion induced corrosion on seismic performance of PSW structure is discussed. Pushover analysis method is used to determine the seismic demand bound limit of each damage state of PSW. By inputting 80 ground motions to wharf models with different corrosion years,the logarithm regression analysis for the ratios of the capacity and demand are adopted to develop the time-dependent seismic fragility curves. The results show that: Chloride ion induced corrosion leads to the decrease of deck displacement and pile top bending moment,and the slight increase of pile top curvature; During the whole service life of PSW,seismic vulnerability of wharf structure in different damage states increases with an increase of service time.
Dynamic actions such as strong winds and earthquakes often have significant randomness and non-stationarity,which can have disastrous effects on practical engineering structures. Therefore,accurately evaluating the dynamic reliability of high-dimensional nonlinear systems under non-stationary stochastic excitations is crucial for the disaster-resistant design and optimization of these structures. This paper presents a numerical method for solving the high-dimensional nonlinear dynamic reliability under non-stationary noises,based on the globally-evolving-based generalized density evolution equation (GE-GDEE) for generic continuous processes. Specifically,if we are concerned with the first-passage reliability of a quantity of interest within a specified safe domain,an absorbing boundary process (ABP) of the quantity of interest can be constructed. This leads to a two-dimensional partial differential equation for its transient probability density function (PDF),known as the GE-GDEE for ABPs. The effective drift coefficient in the GE-GDEE,which serves as the global physical driving force for evolution of the PDF,can be identified using data from representative deterministic dynamic analyses. The solution for dynamic reliability can be obtained by solving the GE-GDEE. This paper includes two numerical examples to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method and discusses areas that require further study.
In the design phase of a mine hoist’s main bearing,the reliability analysis of its random vibration cannot obtain complete probability information of the vibration acceleration response due to insufficient experimental samples. This paper proposes a new technical route for the reliability analysis of the main bearing of a mine hoist under incomplete probability information. This route includes the dynamic model of a multi-scale coupling system for rolling element bearings,the probability density evolution of vibration acceleration,stochastic process modeling of the probability density evolution path,the probability distribution of vibration power spectral density,and the calculation of design reliability based on conditional probability. By using the collected condition data to drive the established dynamic model of multi-scale coupling system for rolling element bearings,the probability density evolution of vibration acceleration is carried out. Based on the probability density evolution and Karhunen-Loève expansion,a modeling approach for the non-stationary random process of vibration acceleration of rolling element bearings is proposed. This approach obtains the twin data of the random sequence of vibration acceleration for rolling element bearings. The probability distribution of the vibration power spectral density for the main bearing of a mine hoist is studied,and the reliability index of the main bearing of a mine hoist within the service time is calculated.
Research on the increasingly significant issue of fatigue failure in pedestrian structures due to crowd-induced vibrations is limited. This paper uses a steel-glass footbridge as a test platform to study the fatigue performance of the footbridge before and after the installation of a Tuned Mass Damper (TMD). The APS400 electronic shaker is used to simulate pedestrian load,and long-term strain monitoring data is analyzed to determine the fatigue stress spectrum and daily average damage degree of the structure,which is then used to estimate its fatigue life. The results show that the installation of the TMD reduced the peak acceleration at half of the structure from 0.15 m/s2 to 0.084 m/s2,a vibration reduction rate of 44.0%. The peak displacement was reduced from 2.98 mm to 0.92 mm,a vibration reduction rate of 69.1%; and the strain amplitude was reduced from 40 to 13,a vibration reduction rate of 67.5%. The amplitude of the equivalent effect force across the middle of the structure is the largest,and the fatigue life is the shortest,at 74 years. After the installation of the TMD,the fatigue life of the structure span increased to 2880 years,nearly 39 times longer,and the fatigue life at other measurement points extended by 3.95 times and 7.41 times.