Brake disc bolts are important to ensure the braking reliability and the operation safety of electric multiple units （EMU）. Based on the load test technique of braking disc bolts， an experiment was conducted on the wheel-mounted braking disc bolts of the Chinese high-speed train to obtain the data of the dynamic loads，including the tensile load，the radial bending moment and the circumferential bending moment. By establishing a finite element model of the wheel-mounted braking disc bolts with the wheel-rail contact，the bolt loads under high-speed rotation are simulated and compared with test results. According to the test results and the simulation results，it indicates that the braking disc bolt loads are closely related to the operating speed of EMU. The higher the operating speed is，the bigger the variation of the bolt load will be. The loads of the braking disc bolt change periodically with the wheel rotation. When the wheel rotates once，the bolt load changes once. Meanwhile，there are some small waves on each load signal，which is caused by the wheel-rail excitation. With an increase of the operation speed，the vibration of wheel increases，and the bolt load fluctuation also increases. The results of the finite element model show that the values and directions of the radial bending moments at different positions are inconsistent. Due to the asymmetry of the wheel structure，the radial bending moment at the left cross section of the bolt is bigger than that of the right cross section.