In order to reveal the damage distribution law of self-centering braced structure under simultaneous and successive actions of earthquake and wind, the damage of beams and columns and global damage of a 50-story steel frame self-centering braced tube structure are analyzed under earthquakes with different intensities and wind with a return period of fifty years. The results indicate that under earthquake alone and under simultaneous action of earthquake and wind, beams in braced tube are damaged earlier than those in exterior frame, and the damage of columns in braced tube develops faster than those in exterior frame. The simultaneous action of earthquake and wind increases the damage degree of columns and increases the maximum damage value of columns at the 31st story by 78.6%. As earthquake intensity increases, the amplification influence of the action of wind on structural global damage increases gradually. Under successive action of earthquake with different intensities and wind with a return period of fifty years, the action of wind increases the average value of maximum residual deformation ratio of seismic damaged structure. When the peak ground acceleration is 10 m/s², the average value of maximum residual deformation ratio of seismic damaged structure is increased from 0.325% to 0.330% caused by wind load. However, wind load has less influence on the damage state of the most severely damaged member in seismic damaged structure.