The shock signals in the process of road transportation cause the non-Gaussian characteristics of random vibration process. In order to study the impact of shock on product damage，the measured 8 vibration signals of medium truck and heavy truck are statistically analyzed. The vibration signals are divided into 20% high-intensity non-Gaussian signal，60% medium-intensity Gaussian signal and 20% low-intensity Gaussian signal. The finite element software is used for time-domain vibration analysis to calculate the damage proportion of each signal segment. The results show that the non-Gaussian signal contains high intensity shock signal，which causes the most of damage. The shock amplitude of medium truck vibration data is large and accounts for a small proportion，while the shock amplitude of heavy truck is relatively low and accounts for a large proportion. The higher 5% shock signal for medium trucks caused more than 90% of the damage； The 20% non-Gaussian signal of heavy truck contains 10% higher amplitude vibration besides 10% shock component，and the damage caused by 20% non-Gaussian signal is about 80% or higher. In the whole transport vibration process，the shock signal dominates the accumulation of damage with less content.