Objective To systematically investigate the chemical constituents and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of the dried tuberous roots of Triplostegia glandulifera. Method Compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data. The cytotoxicity and inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production were evaluated by CCK-8 assay and Griess method, respectively. Results Twenty-four compounds were isolated and identified as 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside] (1), sysamarin B (2), primulagenin A (3), oleanolic acid-3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside] (4), oleanolic acid-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside (5), caffeic acid (6), ethyl caffeate (7), (2'R,3'R)-2',3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy caffeoyl butyrate (8), 5-O-[(E)-caffeoyl]-quinic acid (9), methyl 4,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (10), eugenyl-O-β-D-gucopyranoside (11), rel-(2α,3β)-7-O-methylcedrusin (12), (7S,8R)-erythro-7,9,9'-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-8-O-4'-neolignan-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (13), (＋)-pinoresinol (14), (-)-pinoresinol (15), (＋)-syringaresinol-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside (16), ethyl protocatechuate (17), tangeretin (18), hesperidin (19), (1S,3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (20), nonialkaloid B (21), strych-novoline (22), 1-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazone (23), and inosine (24). Compounds 2, 4, 5 and 19 showed significant inhibitory activities against NO production. The IC₅₀ values of compounds 4 and 5 were (23.76 ± 1.22) and (23.87 ± 0.23) μmol/L, respectively, which were comparable to that of dexamethasone. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound. Compounds 2-5 and 7-24 were isolated from the genus Triplostegia for the first time. Compounds 2, 4, 5 and 19 possess potent in vitro anti-inflammatory activities.

Triplostegia glandulifera Wall. ex DC.  /  anti-inflammatory activity  /  triplostegia phenolic glycoside A  /  oleanolic acid-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside  /  ethyl caffeate  /  hesperidin