Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） and ethnic medicine, as integral components of traditional medicine, exhibit diverse therapeutic effects, complex chemical compositions, intricate physiological processes, and multifaceted mechanisms of action. This makes elucidating the pharmacological basis and mechanisms of action of TCM and ethnic medicine a key research direction in the modernization of TCM. However, challenges such as incomplete pharmacological evaluation models, low correlation with clinical efficacy, and low screening efficiency and throughput remain core obstacles. Artificial intelligence-driven organoid and organ-on-achip technologies offer an innovative research paradigm for the screening of bioactive compounds and the discovery of target mechanisms in TCM and ethnic medicines. By constructing highly biomimetic human organoids/organ-on-a-chip models that precisely simulate the microenvironment and pathological states of human organs, combined with artificial intelligence technologies for in-depth analysis of high-throughput pharmacodynamic data, it is possible to elucidate the synergistic effects of multi-component, multi-target interactions. Systematically screening groups of active components in TCM, quantifying their metabolic kinetic processes, and revealing potential target points and molecular pathways significantly enhances the precision and efficiency of bioactive substance identification. The deep integration strategy of organoids/organ-on-a-chip technology with artificial intelligence provides new technical support for accelerating the modernization of TCM and ethnic medicine research and promoting innovative drug development.

organoids  /  organ-on-a-chip  /  artificial intelligence  /  traditional Chinese medicine  /  ethnic medicine