Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), as a bulk genuine medicinal material from Gansu, its quality and safety directly affect clinical efficacy and public health. In recent years, pesticide use during cultivation has led to increasingly prominent residue issues, which have become key risk factors constraining the sustainable development of the industry. Although traditional chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques offer high accuracy, they are limited by heavy reliance on specialized instruments dependency and long analysis cycles, making it difficult to meet the demands for on-site rapid screening and high-throughput detection of large-scale samples. Therefore, the development of fast, sensitive, and convenient novel detection technologies has become a current research priority. This paper systematically reviews the main types of pesticide residues in Angelicae Sinensis Radix, as well as advancements in detection technologies. It focuses on evaluating the principles, characteristics, and application status of emerging technologies based on nanomaterials, biosensing, and molecular imprinting, and discusses the challenges of interference and adaptability in the complex matrix of Angelicae Sinensis Radix. Furthermore, this paper emphasizes that quality control of traditional Chinese medicine must balance “safety” and “effectiveness”, analyzes the synergistic relationship between pesticide residue detection and active component analysis, and puts forward technical pathways for their integrated detection. Finally, it outlines the development trends of Angelicae Sinensis Radix pesticide residue detection technologies toward integration, intelligentization, and whole-process traceability, aiming to provide a reference for constructing a fast, accurate, and high-throughput quality monitoring system suitable for the complex matrix of traditional Chinese medicine.

Angelicae Sinensis Radix  /  pesticide residues  /  rapid detection  /  novel detection technology  /  active ingredients