Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprint and multi-component content determination method of Lavandula angustifolia from different origins, and to evaluate the quality of L. angustifolia medicinal materials from different origins by combining chemical pattern recognition methods, providing a basis for further research and development. Methods A Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C₁₈ column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used, with acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution as the mobile phase, and gradient elution. The detection wavelength was 350 nm, the column temperature was 30 ℃, the flow rate was 0.6 mL/min, and the injection volume was 10 μL. The HPLC fingerprint of L. angustifolia from Xinjiang was established and the similarity was analyzed. At the same time, the chemical components were identified by comparison with reference substances and quantitatively determined. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed using Origin2025b, IBM SPSS Statistics 27 and SIMCA 14.1 software to evaluate the quality of L. angustifolia medicinal materials from different origins and screen the quality difference markers. Results The HPLC fingerprint chromatograms of L.angustifolia from different regions in Xinjiang were established. A total of 14 common chromatographic peaks were identified, and five components were recognized: Chlorogenic acid (peak 2), luteolin-7-O-glucoside (peak 8), rosmarinic acid (peak 12), luteolin (peak 13), and apigenin (peak 14).The similarity of 15 batches of samples was all above 0.9. HCA divided 15 batches of L. angustifolia into three categories. PCA extracted four principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 93.310%. PCA results showed that batch YC23072402 from Huocheng, Xinjiang, had the best quality. OPLS-DA identified seven quality difference markers, namely luteolin, rosmarinic acid and apigenin, in L. angustifolia samples. The contents of luteolin, rosmarinic acid and apigenin in L. angustifolia were 0.018—0.230, 0.380—3.095 and 0.144—0.481 mg/g respectively. Conclusion The HPLC fingerprint and multi-component content determination method for L. angustifolia from different origins is simple, accurate, and has good repeatability. It can be used for the quality evaluation of L. angustifolia from Xinjiang and provide a basis for its quality control.

Lavandula angustifolia Mill.  /  fingerprint chromatogram  /  luteolin  /  rosmarinic acid  /  apigenin  /  chemical pattern recognition  /  principal component analysis