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Thoracoabdominal Injuries of Six-Year-Old Child Occupants in Reclined Seating Postures Based on 50% MPDB Scenario
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Haiyan LI1, 2, Sanhao SUN1, 2, Yanxin WANG1, 2, Shihai CUI1, 2, Lijuan HE1, 2, Wenle LÜ1, 2
Journal of Medical Biomechanics | 2025, 40(5) : 1309 - 1317
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Journal of Medical Biomechanics | 2025, 40(5): 1309-1317
• Original Articles •
Thoracoabdominal Injuries of Six-Year-Old Child Occupants in Reclined Seating Postures Based on 50% MPDB Scenario
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Haiyan LI1, 2, Sanhao SUN1, 2, Yanxin WANG1, 2, Shihai CUI1, 2, Lijuan HE1, 2, Wenle LÜ1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
  • 2.International Research Association on Emerging Automotive Safety Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
Published: 2025-10-01 doi: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.030
Outline
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Objective

To investigate the risk of thoracoabdominal injuries in six-year-old child occupants in a reclined seating posture during frontal collisions, and provide a reference for developing child restraint systems (CRS).

Methods

Three validated biomechanical models of six-year-old child occupants in different seating postures with detailed anatomical structures were used. The acceleration curve from a sport utility vehicle crash test was applied to analyze the effects of seating posture on thoracic motion trajectory, chest acceleration, thoracoabdominal compression, viscous criterion (VC) of the chest and abdomen, internal organ strain, and spinal stress.

Results

Thoracic motion trajectories varied in the Z-direction under three seating postures. As the upper torso angle increased, thoracoabdominal kinematic injury parameters showed an upward trend. The thoracic and abdominal VC under 120° and 135° posture increased by 67% and 113%, 10.7% and 25% compared with that under 105° standard sitting posture. The risk of thoracic internal organ injury was inversely related to the seating angle, while the risk of abdominal internal organ injury was positively related to the seating angle. The primary spinal injury mechanism was compression-flexion.

Conclusions

CRS protection evaluation should comprehensively consider thoracoabdominal kinematic parameters, internal organ biomechanics, and spinal injury risk. These findings have important implications for CRS development in intelligent driving systems and occupant protection strategy formulation.

intelligent seat  /  thoracoabdominal injury  /  child occupants  /  reclined seating posture  /  child restraint system
Haiyan LI, Sanhao SUN, Yanxin WANG, Shihai CUI, Lijuan HE, Wenle LÜ. Thoracoabdominal Injuries of Six-Year-Old Child Occupants in Reclined Seating Postures Based on 50% MPDB Scenario[J]. Journal of Medical Biomechanics, 2025 , 40 (5) : 1309 -1317 . DOI: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.030
Appendix
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Year 2025 volume 40 Issue 5
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Article Info
doi: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.030
  • Receive Date：2025-02-13
  • Online Date：2026-03-27
  • Published：2025-10-01
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-02-13
  • Revised：2025-03-21
Funding
Affiliations
    1.College of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
    2.International Research Association on Emerging Automotive Safety Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
References
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小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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