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Group tunnel effect on fault resistance of high-pressure hydraulic tunnels crossing active faults
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Teng LONG1, 2, Guoxing GUAN1, 2, Jian CHEN1, 2, Yong XIA3, Bihua TANG3, Bo SUN3, Zhen CUI1, 2, *, Jiawei ZHANG4, Xiangyu ZHANG5
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering | 2026, 45(2) : 509 - 524
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Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering | 2026, 45(2): 509-524
Group tunnel effect on fault resistance of high-pressure hydraulic tunnels crossing active faults
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Teng LONG1, 2, Guoxing GUAN1, 2, Jian CHEN1, 2, Yong XIA3, Bihua TANG3, Bo SUN3, Zhen CUI1, 2, *, Jiawei ZHANG4, Xiangyu ZHANG5
Affiliations
  • 1.State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
  • 2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • 3.PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
  • 4.College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
  • 5.School of Civil Engineering, Kashi University, Kashi, Xinjiang 844006, China
Published: 2026-02-01 doi: 10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0536
Outline
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Current research on tunnels crossing active faults primarily focuses on individual tunnel cases, while the group tunnel effect in tunnel groups has not been systematically addressed. The influence of high internal water pressure on deformation mechanisms is rarely considered. This study employs physical model tests and numerical analysis under high internal pressure to investigate the fault resistance of tunnel groups. The results demonstrate the following: (1) Corrugated expansion joints significantly enhance fault resistance, delaying and reducing peak longitudinal strain (with maximum tensile strain reduced by 69% and compressive strain by 48%) and converting shear failure into coordinated deformation. (2) Group effects intensify the fracturing of surrounding rock during dislocation, resulting in a complex “Y-shaped intersecting crack system.” (3) The sides of adjacent tunnels exhibit higher strain responses than the outer sides (with peak compressive strain at 87% and longitudinal tensile strain at 35%), indicating tunnel-rock-tunnel interaction. (4) Earth pressure between tunnels increases abnormally due to group effects, while the pressure on the outer sides remains largely unaffected. (5) The mechanical response of the lining (axial and shear force) strengthens with smaller tunnel spacing but diminishes and stabilizes as spacing increases. This study reveals the failure mechanisms of high-pressure hydraulic tunnel groups, providing insights for fault-resistant designs in seismic zones.

tunnel engineering  /  group tunnel effect  /  active fault  /  high-pressure hydraulic tunnel group  /  anti-dislocation performance  /  corrugated expansion joint
Teng LONG, Guoxing GUAN, Jian CHEN, Yong XIA, Bihua TANG, Bo SUN, Zhen CUI, Jiawei ZHANG, Xiangyu ZHANG. Group tunnel effect on fault resistance of high-pressure hydraulic tunnels crossing active faults[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2026 , 45 (2) : 509 -524 . DOI: 10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0536
Funding
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  • National Key R&D Programs for Young Scientists(2023YFB2390400)
  • Xizang Science and Technology Program(XZ202401JD0028)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China(52379112)
Appendix
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Year 2026 volume 45 Issue 2
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2
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Article Info
doi: 10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0536
  • Receive Date：2025-07-24
  • Online Date：2026-06-18
  • Published：2026-02-01
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-07-24
  • Revised：2025-10-10
Funding
National Key R&D Programs for Young Scientists(2023YFB2390400)
Xizang Science and Technology Program(XZ202401JD0028)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52379112)
Affiliations
    1.State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3.PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
    4.College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
    5.School of Civil Engineering, Kashi University, Kashi, Xinjiang 844006, China

Corresponding:

* CUI Zhen (1986–), research fellow, is engaged in the evaluation of static and dynamic stability in underground engineering. E-mail:
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Citations
表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
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Genus		 种数
Number of
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Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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