Full
Outline
To address the leakage risk in the double‑cone seal structure of high‑pressure vessels and the difficulty of directly measuring the gasket contact pressure，an indirect contact pressure monitoring method based on bolt load measurement is proposed.A mechanical model of the double‑cone seal structure is established，and a linear mapping relationship between the bolt load and the average gasket contact pressure is derived.Based on plate and shell bending theory，the deflection angle of the flat cover is introduced to develop an analytical calculation method for the contact pressure that accounts for non‑uniform radial distribution.A leakage simulation test bench for the double‑cone seal is constructed，where washer‑type sensors and pressure‑sensitive paper are used to obtain the bolt load and contact pressure，respectively，and the proposed method is verified through finite element simulations.Experimental and simulation results show that within the internal pressure range of 0~4 MPa，the error between the analytically calculated average contact pressure and the measured values is less than 16%；in the simulation under a high‑pressure condition of 15 MPa，the error is only 0.8%~2.6%.The radial distribution of the gasket contact pressure exhibits a pattern of “high at both ends and low in the middle”，and the theoretically calculated distribution is in strong agreement with the results obtained from pressure‑sensitive paper measurements and simulations.This method enables accurate inversion of the gasket contact pressure state by monitoring the bolt load，confirming the validity of the model and providing an effective technical approach for the safety monitoring of double‑cone seal structures.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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