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In addressing the adsorption issue of low-concentration uranium in nitric acid systems, a chloromethylated styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer was employed as the framework, and phosphorylation was achieved using phosphorus trichloride as the functionalizing reagent. Through Friedel-Crafts alkylation and quenching-hydrolysis/alcoholysis reactions, long-chain hydroxyl and alkyl groups were grafted onto the resin, resulting in uranium adsorbents featuring phosphoric acid and phosphoric ester functional groups, respectively. The resin structural characterization was conducted using infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. During the resin preparation, the impact of different process parameters on the phosphorus content and uranium adsorption performance was investigated, leading to the determination of optimal synthesis conditions. Static experiments were performed to assess the influence of pH, equilibrium uranium concentration, and adsorption time on the uranium adsorption properties of the resin. Additionally, a selection of desorption agents and verification of resin reusability were carried out. The results indicate that the prepared phosphoric ester-based uranium adsorbent exhibits excellent adsorption performance for low-concentration uranium (<20 mg/L) in a simulated solution (1 mol/L HNO3+1 mol/L NaNO3). The resin saturation adsorption capacity for uranium is 21.9 mg/g dry resin, and the residual uranium concentration in the leachate after adsorption is <0.05 mg/L. Using 0.4 mol/L NaHCO3 and 0.1 mol/L Na2CO3 as composite desorption agents, the desorption efficiency for uranium reaches 98.3%. The synthesized phosphoric ester-based uranium adsorbent proves effective for the adsorption and separation of low-concentration uranium in nitric acid systems.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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