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Outline
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus （PEDV） is a major pathogen causing diarrhea in piglets and has led to significant economic losses in the global swine industry since its emergence. In practice， co-infection with multiple pathogens is commonly observed alongside PEDV， complicating its prevention and control. These co-infecting factors mainly include various viruses， bacteria， parasites， and toxins， which can exacerbate clinical symptoms in infected pigs. This review systematically summarizes the factors commonly co-infecting with PEDV and their impact on its pathogenicity. The results show that porcine kobuvirus （PKV）， porcine Sapelovirus （PSV）， porcine deltacoronavirus （PDCoV）， porcine rotavirus （PRoV） and transmissible gastroenteritis virus （TGEV） are the most common porcine diarrheal viruses co-infecting with PEDV， with PKV and PSV representing emerging trends in recent years. Among bacteria， Escherichia coli， C. perfringens， and C. difficile are frequently detected in co-infections with PEDV. Additionally， parasites such as Entamoeba spp. and various toxins have also been confirmed to co-infect with PEDV. In terms of pathogenicity， PEDV co-infection can exacerbate clinical symptoms， increase PEDV load in the intestine， cause more severe intestinal barrier damage， and trigger a stronger immune response in pigs. These findings lay a foundation for future studies on the mechanisms of PEDV co-infection. Moreover， this review analyzes current prevention and control strategies and identifies existing limitations， aiming to raise awareness of PEDV co-infection among the livestock industries and to promote the implementation of scientific and sustainable control measures， thereby supporting healthier pig production， and improving overall farming efficiency.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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