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The aim of this experiment is to investigate the effect of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid （18β-GA） on oxidative stress induced lung injury in weaned piglets induced by D-galactose （D-gal）.In total， 24 weaned piglets of similar body weight at 28 days old were randomly divided into 3 groups， with 8 replicates in each group and 1 piglet in each replicate. The experimental groups were as follows： the control group （CK） was fed with basal diet， the model group （D-gal） was fed with basal diet supplemented with 10 g·kg-1 D-gal， and the experimental group （GA+gal） was fed with basal diet supplemented with 10 g.kg-1 D-gal and 100 mg·kg-1 18 β-GA. The pre trial period is 7 days， and the main trial period is 28 days. The results showed that compared with the CK group， the D-gal group showed an increase trend in malondialdehyde （MDA） content， 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine （8-OHdG） content， and catalase （CAT） activity in the lung tissue of weaned piglets （0.05≤P<0.10）， and a significant increase in superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity （P<0.05）； The expression levels of Nrf2， CAT， and SOD1 genes significantly increased （P<0.05）； The levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-8 （IL-8） and transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β） increased significantly （P<0.05）， and the mean linear intercept （MLI） and apoptosis rate of lung tissue cells increased significantly （P<0.05）； Compared with the D-gal group， the GA+gal group showed a significant decrease in the activities of CAT and SOD， content of MDA and 8-OHdG， as well as the expression levels of antioxidant related genes Nrf2， CAT， and SOD1 in the lungs （P<0.05）. The levels of inflammatory factors IL-8， interleukin-18 （IL-18）， and TGF-β were also reduced significantly （P<0.05）， and the apoptosis rate was also reduced significantly （P<0.05）. Transcriptomic analysis showed that oxidative stress has an impact on the cell cycle， PI3K/AKT signaling pathway， and P53 signaling pathway in piglet lung cells. 18β-GA can alleviate lung injury by regulating pathways such as PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and retinol metabolism. Further verification using fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot techniques revealed that the expression levels of key genes PI3K， AKT， TP53， as well as proteins P53 in the oxidative stress pathway of piglets increased significantly （P<0.05）. After adding 18β-GA， the expression levels of pathway genes PI3K and TP53 decreased significantly （P<0.05）， while the expression levels of gene AKT and protein P53 showed a downward trend （0.05≤P<0.1）.In summary， the addition of 18β-GA can alleviate D-gal induced lipid peroxidation， DNA oxidative damage， increased inflammatory factors， and cell apoptosis in weaned piglet lungs. The underlying mechanism might involve the alleviation of lung injury through the modulation of the P53 signaling pathways.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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