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Targeted Metabolomics Analysis of the Steroid Metabolome in Different Stages of Follicular Development in Holstein Cows Using LC-MS/MS Technology
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Wenxin QIAN1, Guang SHAO2, Xiaochen JIA3, Keya YU4, Chuang XU5, Cheng XIA1, Yunlong BAI1, Yuxi SONG1
Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica | 2026, 57(3) : 1483 - 1492
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Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica | 2026, 57(3): 1483-1492
• ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION •
Targeted Metabolomics Analysis of the Steroid Metabolome in Different Stages of Follicular Development in Holstein Cows Using LC-MS/MS Technology
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Wenxin QIAN1, Guang SHAO2, Xiaochen JIA3, Keya YU4, Chuang XU5, Cheng XIA1, Yunlong BAI1, Yuxi SONG1
Affiliations
  • 1.Key Laboratory of Cattle Disease Prevention and Control in Northeast Cold Region of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine，Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University，Daqing 163319，China
  • 2.Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary，Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Qiqihar 161005，China
  • 3.Heilongjiang Mudanjiang Agricultural Reclamation Jiangjun Dairy Cattle Breeding Professional Cooperative，Jixi 158307，China
  • 4.Ministry of Agricultural Development，Beidahuang Group Heilongjiang 8510 Farm Co. ，Ltd，Jixi 158100，China
  • 5.College of Veterinary Medicine，China Agricultural University，Beijing 100193，China
Published: 2026-03-23 doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.026
Outline
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The study aimed to further understand the changes in steroid hormones and their related substances at different stages of follicular development in Holstein cows， and to provide a theoretical basis for exploring the process and mechanism of follicular development in cows. In this study， based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS） technology， Holstein cows （n=18） were used as research subjects. Targeted steroid metabolomics analysis was performed on follicles of three sizes at different developmental stages， with exploration and group comparison conducted on small （Small follicle， SF， <5 mm， n=6）， medium （Medium follicle， MF， 5-8 mm， n=6）， and large （Large follicle， LF， >8 mm， n=6） follicles. A total of 24 steroid substances were identified. Among them， 8 differential metabolites （6 down-regulated， 2 up-regulated） were found in the comparison between SF and MF； 6 differential metabolites （2 down-regulated， 4 up-regulated） were found in the comparison between MF and LF； and 6 differential metabolites （4 down-regulated， 2 up-regulated） were found in the comparison between SF and LF. Subsequent analysis of differential metabolites based on the KEGG database revealed that in SF and MF， the endocrine resistance pathway （P=0.04） and prostate cancer pathway （P=0.03） were significantly enriched. In conclusion， this study confirmed significant changes in steroid hormones and their related substances during follicular development in Holstein cows， providing a theoretical basis for in-depth understanding of changes in the cow reproductive system.

targeted metabolomics  /  dairy cow  /  follicle  /  steroid  /  LC-MS/MS
钱文鑫, 邵广, 贾枭晨, 于克亚, 徐闯, 夏成, 白云龙, 宋玉锡. 基于LC-MS/MS技术对荷斯坦奶牛卵泡发育不同阶段的类固醇组靶向代谢组学分析. 畜牧兽医学报, 2026 , 57 (3) : 1483 -1492 . DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.026
Wenxin QIAN, Guang SHAO, Xiaochen JIA, Keya YU, Chuang XU, Cheng XIA, Yunlong BAI, Yuxi SONG. Targeted Metabolomics Analysis of the Steroid Metabolome in Different Stages of Follicular Development in Holstein Cows Using LC-MS/MS Technology[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2026 , 57 (3) : 1483 -1492 . DOI: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.026
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Year 2026 volume 57 Issue 3
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Article Info
doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.026
  • Receive Date：2025-08-18
  • Online Date：2026-09-16
  • Published：2026-03-23
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-08-18
Funding
Affiliations
    1.Key Laboratory of Cattle Disease Prevention and Control in Northeast Cold Region of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine，Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University，Daqing 163319，China
    2.Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary，Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Qiqihar 161005，China
    3.Heilongjiang Mudanjiang Agricultural Reclamation Jiangjun Dairy Cattle Breeding Professional Cooperative，Jixi 158307，China
    4.Ministry of Agricultural Development，Beidahuang Group Heilongjiang 8510 Farm Co. ，Ltd，Jixi 158100，China
    5.College of Veterinary Medicine，China Agricultural University，Beijing 100193，China

Corresponding:

BAI Yunlong， E-mail：
SONG Yuxi， E-mail：
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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