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The aim of this study was to explore the effect and molecular mechanism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α （PPARα） on skeletal muscle development. We utilized young （6-8 weeks）， adult （3-4 months）， and old （18-20 months） mice （n=8/group） to examine the expression of PPARα in skeletal muscle during development. The role of PPARα in skeletal muscle development was further investigated using a whole-body knockout mouse model. HE staining was used to observe the morphological differences of gastrocnemius muscle of mice of different ages， and immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression changes of P21 and P53 in gastrocnemius muscle of mice of different ages to determine the age difference of mice. The expression of PPARα in skeletal muscle was detected by common PCR， and the expression of PPARα in gastrocnemius muscle of mice of different ages was detected by Western blot， real-time quantitative PCR （qRT-PCR） and immunofluorescence staining （IF）. qRT-PCR， Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression of MyoD， MyoG and Pax7 in gastrocnemius muscles of WT and PPARα knockout mice （PPARα-/-）. Western blot was used to detect the expression of PPARα downstream signaling pathways AMPK and P38 MAPK. The results showed that PPARα was expressed in the skeletal muscle of mice at all developmental stages， and its expression level gradually decreased with age. Immunofluorescence staining showed that PPARα protein was widely distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of mouse gastrocnemius muscle. Further studies found that PPARα gene knockout led to a significant decrease in the expression of MyoD， MyoG and Pax7 in gastrocnemius muscle， while the phosphorylation levels of AMPK and P38 increased significantly.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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