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Outline
The RNA genome of coronavirus contains multiple open reading frames， coding for structural proteins， non-structural proteins， as well as accessory proteins. The accessory proteins of coronavirus are species specific， and the amounts of accessory proteins differ between the species. Coronavirus accessory proteins are not necessary for viral replication， but some of them are involved in the host immune response， viral pathogenesis and virus virulence. Research on coronavirus accessory proteins will provide new potential targets for the development of therapeutic drugs and theoretical guidance for disease prevention and treatment. In this paper， the functions of several representative accessory proteins of coronaviruses are reviewed. It focuses on the relationship between accessory proteins and virus-host interactions， including the role of accessory proteins in promoting host cell apoptosis， host innate immune regulation， and pathogenicity in the host. This will help to investigate the infection and pathogenesis of coronavirus， and provide reference for developing new vaccines and antiviral drugs.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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