Full
Outline
In order to study the smoke control effect of natural smoke exhaust in the large space of railway station buildings, taking the waiting hall of a large TOD railway station building as an example, numerical simulation and hot smoke tests were conducted to analyze the smoke spread law, spatial temperature field, visibility and volume fraction of carbon monoxide in the waiting hall under different fire scales. The results show that the waiting hall has a large space and strong smoke storage capacity. Under the simulated fire sources of 10 MW and 8 MW, the smoke in the waiting hall can be smoothly discharged outdoors through the natural smoke exhaust windows, and the fire smoke mainly accumulates at the top of the waiting hall without significant settlement. The time required for personnel evacuation is 432 s, which is less than the 1 200 s of the fire danger approaching time, and personnel can evacuate safely. Under the test fire source of 1.5 MW, the smoke can smoothly rise to the top of the waiting hall and trigger the opening of all natural smoke exhaust windows. Due to the large space of the waiting hall, the smoke filling time is relatively long, and it takes 14 min for all natural smoke exhaust windows to open in linkage. The temperature rise in the waiting hall space is inversely proportional to the height, and the temperature rise of the smoke at different heights is all above 15 ℃, and no smoke stratification phenomenon occurs. The smoke control system design of this waiting hall is reasonable and effective, and the research results can provide theoretical basis and data support for the smoke exhaust design of similar large space buildings.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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