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Genesis of the Liba Gold Deposit in West Qinling: Evidence from Fluid Inclusions and Zircon U-Pb Dating in Gold Bearing Quartz Vein
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Tao YANG1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Laimin ZHU6, Yan HU2, 3, Denghong LONG2, 4, 5, Fei WANG6, Yun XIA4, 5, Weigang LIU4, 5, Hongying JIANG4, 5, Zirui LIU2
Northwestern Geology | 2026, 59(1) : 60 - 78
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Northwestern Geology | 2026, 59(1): 60-78
Genesis of the Liba Gold Deposit in West Qinling: Evidence from Fluid Inclusions and Zircon U-Pb Dating in Gold Bearing Quartz Vein
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Tao YANG1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Laimin ZHU6, Yan HU2, 3, Denghong LONG2, 4, 5, Fei WANG6, Yun XIA4, 5, Weigang LIU4, 5, Hongying JIANG4, 5, Zirui LIU2
Affiliations
  • 1College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
  • 2Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Exploration, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
  • 3Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
  • 4Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Exploration, Utilization and Protection of Mineral Resources, Tianshui 741020, Gansu, China
  • 5The First Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Tianshui 741020, Gansu, China
  • 6State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Shaanxi, China
Published: 2026-02-20 doi: 10.12401/j.nwg.2025103
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The Liba gold deposit is located 2 km outside the Zhongchuan pluton in the West Qinling Orogen. Based on the latest exploration results of the Liba gold deposit, the geological characteristics are analyzed in detail, and the fluid inclusion and zircon U-Pb dating in the gold bearing quartz vein are studied. The mineralized alteration types of Liba gold deposit are pyritization, sericitization and silicification, which are obviously different with the metamorphic characteristics of the Zhongchuan pluton contact zone. Mineralized alteration, ore body and vein rock are strictly controlled by faults, but the scale and mineralization degree of vein rocks are lower than ore body, indicating that magmatic activity may not provide main fluid and material for metallogenesis. The study of fluid inclusions indicate that the ores were deposited from medium-high temperature (220～360 ℃), low salinity (5% NaCleq～10% NaCleq) NaCl-H2O-CO2-(CH4) fluids, similar to metamorphic fluid. The zircons in the gold bearing quartz veins are mostly sub rounded, indicating that they may undergone the process of transportation and rounding sedimentation. Zircon U-Pb ages can be divided into four spectral segments: 397～585 Ma, 673～1023 Ma, 1097～1868 Ma, and 1963～2575 Ma, which are very close to the age characteristics of detrital zircons in the host rock Liba Group, indicating that they were captured from the stratum during the activation and migration of ore-forming fluid. The Liba gold deposit can be grouped with other orogenic gold deposits that have similar characteristics, which is formed under the transition tectonic background from collision to extension. During the emplacement of Zhongchuan pluton, faults were developed along its margin, providing favorable spaces for the precipitation of ore-forming fluid and the emplacement of vein rocks. This caused the granitic pluton, vein rocks and gold bodies are together with space and time, but it may not have an inherent genetic relationship.

Liba gold deposit  /  fluid inclusions  /  gold bearing quartz vein  /  zircon U-Pb dating  /  orogenic gold deposit  /  West Qinling Orogen
杨涛, 朱赖民, 胡妍, 龙登红, 王飞, 夏云, 刘伟刚, 姜洪颖, 刘子锐. 西秦岭李坝金矿床成因探讨：来自含金石英脉流体包裹体及锆石U-Pb年代学的证据. 西北地质, 2026 , 59 (1) : 60 -78 . DOI: 10.12401/j.nwg.2025103
Tao YANG, Laimin ZHU, Yan HU, Denghong LONG, Fei WANG, Yun XIA, Weigang LIU, Hongying JIANG, Zirui LIU. Genesis of the Liba Gold Deposit in West Qinling: Evidence from Fluid Inclusions and Zircon U-Pb Dating in Gold Bearing Quartz Vein[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2026 , 59 (1) : 60 -78 . DOI: 10.12401/j.nwg.2025103
Appendix
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Year 2026 volume 59 Issue 1
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Article Info
doi: 10.12401/j.nwg.2025103
  • Receive Date：2024-03-06
  • Online Date：2026-09-16
  • Published：2026-02-20
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2024-03-06
  • Revised：2025-06-14
  • Accepted：2025-07-15
Affiliations
    1College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
    2Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Exploration, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
    3Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
    4Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Exploration, Utilization and Protection of Mineral Resources, Tianshui 741020, Gansu, China
    5The First Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Tianshui 741020, Gansu, China
    6State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, Shaanxi, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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