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Outline
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as a typical class of organic pollutants, are difficult to naturally degrade in the environment. However, microorganisms, by virtue of their environmental adaptability, play an irreplaceable role in the degradation process of PAHs. Therefore, the development of efficient laboratory isolation and cultivation techniques for PAHs-degrading microorganisms has become a research direction. This article reviews the types of PAHs-degrading microorganisms, as well as their cultivation techniques and methods. It points out the different mechanisms of microbial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including bacteria, fungi, algae (specifically microalage belonging to the category of microorganisms), and actinomycetes, etc., and their metabolic pathways for degrading PAHs under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Additionally, it discusses different types of traditional and novel cultivation techniques, and makes a comparative analysis of the characteristics and applications of traditional cultivation techniques (such as optimizing the composition of the culture medium and adjusting the structure of the culture medium, etc.) and novel cultivation techniques (such as cell sorting technology, etc.). This is helpful for screening more effective cultivation methods, exploring more PAHs-degrading microorganisms, further promoting the research on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms, and providing theoretical basis and technical support for solving the problem of PAHs pollution.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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