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Outline
This study conducted a comparative investigation on wild (MT) and cultivated (ZT) Schisandra chinensis in northern China. Utilizing high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the rhizosphere soil microbial community structure and potential functional microbiota. This was integrated with the quantification of the primary medicinal component, lignans, and the determination of soil physicochemical properties, including total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), and soil organic matter (Som). The research aimed to elucidate the interrelationships among lignan content, rhizosphere microorganisms, and soil properties, thereby providing theoretical insights into the metabolic mechanisms of lignans in S.chinensis and enhancing the medicinal value of cultivated varieties. The results demonstrated that wild samples exhibited significantly higher lignan content than cultivated samples, with schizandrin, schisantherin A, and γ-schizandrin concentrations nearly double in wild samples. The rhizosphere soil of wild samples showed substantially higher nutrient levels, with TK, TP, TN, and Som contents approximately 1.5, 2.6, 7, and 9 times greater than those in cultivated samples, respectively. The abundance of nitrogen significantly increased the relative abundance of RB41 and Gaiella, while elevated soil organic matter promoted the enrichment of Mycobacterium. These three microbial groups showed positive correlations with lignan content, potentially explaining the superior lignan accumulation in wild samples. Furthermore, Fusarium, Neonectria, Trichocladium, and Mortierella demonstrated positive correlations with lignan content. Soil moisture content showed a significant positive correlation with lignan accumulation, as did TP, TK, TN, and Som. Notably, soil pH emergedas a crucial factor influencing the rhizosphere microbial community, exhibiting a significant negative correlation with lignan content.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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