The Tarim River Basin is rich in microbial resources. To explore the species diversity of Actinoplanes in its soil, uncover new Actinoplanes resources, and enrich the germplasm resource bank of the Tarim River Basin, the in situ enrichment of Actinoplanes was achieved using polyaspartic acid water-retaining agent (PASP). The fermentation crude extracts of Actinoplanes were screened for antimicrobial activity using seven pathogenic bacteria as target strains. This was combined with antiSMASH gene cluster analysis and detection of antibiotic biosynthesis genes. The results indicate that 244 strains isolated and identified from soil samples enriched in situ with PASP belong to 3 phyla, 5 classes, 4 orders, 11 families, 16 genera, and 59 species, respectively. Among these, 228 strains belong to the phylum Actinomycetota, accounting for 93%. The genus Actinoplanes exhibited a high isolation rate, with 103 isolated strains and 21 species, representing 42%. Seven strains of Actinoplanes with both antimicrobial activity and metabolic potential were screened. Soil samples with high moisture content along the Tarim River harbor abundant rare actinobacterial resources. The PASP in situ enrichment method can selectively isolate Actinoplanes, thereby facilitating further research on the diversity of rare actinobacteria in the soil microorganisms of the Tarim River Basin and on the exploration and utilization of Actinoplanes resources.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |