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Outline
This study aimed to achieve three primary objectives: (1) to isolate high-performance biofilm-forming microalgal strains through systematic phenotypic screening;(2) to characterize the structural and functional properties of their extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) using integrated spectroscopic techniques; and (3) to demonstrate the practical applications of these biopolymers in microalgal biomass harvesting and antibiotic removal. The experimental approach integrated microbial isolation methods with advanced material characterization and environmental biotechnology strategies. A high-performance biofilm-forming algal strain was isolated based on its wall-adhesion capacity and taxonomically identified. Various EPS extraction protocols were systematically evaluated to determine the most effective method, and structural analysis was conducted using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The functional properties of the extracted EPS were assessed through flocculation assays, antibacterial zone tests, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed that the isolated strain FJPN1, identified as Chlorella sorokiniana, exhibited exceptional biofilm-forming capability with a wall-adhesion rate of 96.8%. The ion-exchange resin method yielded the highest EPS quantity (295 mg/g), and FTIR analysis revealed the presence of characteristic functional groups in the polysaccharide-protein complexes, including hydroxyl, amino, and glycosidic bonds. Functional studies demonstrated that EPS at a concentration of 0.5 g/L induced a flocculation efficiency of 90.5% in Chlorella vulgaris FACHB-8. Notably, FJPN1 achieved complete removal (100%) of gentamicin and kanamycin at a concentration of 0.5 g/L and retained full removal efficiency in 50% diluted industrial wastewater. Mechanistic analysis confirmed that biosorption mediated by EPS was the dominant removal mechanism. The dual functionality of C. sorokiniana FJPN1, enabling efficient heterospecific microalgal flocculation and selective removal of aminoglycoside antibiotics, highlights its potential as a novel functional bioresource for microalgal biomass harvesting and antibiotic pollution removal.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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