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As an important branch of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology, microbial carbon capture and utilization technology has become a vital bridge linking carbon neutrality and the sustainable bioeconomy. This paper systematically reviews the research progress in four technical pathways for converting CO2 into starch, protein, microalgae biomass, and ethanol, and conducts carbon footprint and techno-economic analysis with ethanol as a typical case. The results indicate that the carbon reduction potential of microbial carbon capture and utilization technology depends on the supply mode of energy and value positioning of products. The in-depth integration of synthetic biology and electrocatalysis is reshaping the economic boundaries of carbon utilization. This study can provide references for technical pathway selection, research and development investment decision-making, and policy formulation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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