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Microbial fertilizers are an important component of green agricultural inputs, playing a key role in reducing chemical fertilizer use, improving arable land quality, and mitigating agricultural emissions. Using the registration certificate data of microbial fertilizers in China from 2000 to 2025, this paper systematically analyzes the structural characteristics and regional patterns of China’s microbial fertilizer industry and takes Guangdong Province as a case to examine the development bottlenecks of this industry in Guangdong. The study finds that China’s microbial fertilizer industry has gone through three stages: slow start, steady growth, and explosive expansion, forming a clustered pattern centered on Shandong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, and Henan provinces. However, three major structural contradictions are becoming increasingly prominent. Specifically, the products are highly concentrated in microbial inoculants, bioorganic fertilizers, and compound microbial fertilizers; microbial strain resources are highly homogenized; and enterprises are scattered, small, and weak. The number of registration certificates in Guangdong Province (334) accounts for only 2.83% of the national total (11 813) and is merely 13.82% of that of Shandong Province (2 416), which ranks first in China. Nearly 40% of enterprises are in a state of one certificate for one product, indicating a severe mismatch between the industrial scale and Guangdong’s status as a major agricultural province. In response to the above problems, this paper proposes recommendations from six aspects: elevating the policy position of microbial fertilizers, mining and protecting microbial strain resources, reforming registration management, optimizing the enterprise ecosystem, bridging the gap in technology transfer, and exploring the paths tailored for Guangdong, aiming to provide a reference for the high-quality development of the microbial fertilizer industry in China and especially Guangdong Province.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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